Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Therapeutic drug monitoring

  • Symposium: Pediatric Pharmacology—II
  • Published:
The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Borofsky LG, Louis S, Kutt H, Roginsky M: Diphenylhydantoin efficacy, toxicity and dose-serum level relationship in childrenJ Pediatr 81: 995 1972

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Norell E, Lilienberg G, Gamstrop I: Systematic determination of the serum phenytoin level as an aid in the management of children with epilepsy.Eur Neurol 13: 232, 1975

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Buchthal F, Lennox-Buchthal MA: Phenobarbital. Relation of serum concentration to control of seizures. In: Woodbury Penry JK, Schmidt RP (eds);Antiepileptic Drugs. New York, Raven Press 1972, p 355

    Google Scholar 

  4. Melchior JC: The clinical use of serum determinations of phenytoin and phenobarbital in children.Dev Med Child Neurol 7: 387, 1965

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Svensmark O, Buchthal F: Diphenylhydantoin and phenobarbital serum levels in childrenAm J Dis Child 108: 82, 1964

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Buchthal F, Svensmark O: Serum concentrations of diphenylhydantoin (phenytoin) and phenobarbital and their relation to therapeutic and toxic effects.Psychiatr Neurol Neurochir 74: 117, 1971

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Monaco F, Riccio A, Benna Pet al: Further observations on carbamazepine plasma levels in epileptic patients.Neurology (Minneapolis)26: 936, 1976

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Simonsen N, Olsen PZ, Kuhl V, Lund M, Wendelboe J: A comparative controlled study between carbamazepine and diphenylhydantoin in psychomotor epilepsy.Epilepsia 17: 169, 1976

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Schobben F, Van der Kleijn E, Gabreels FJM: Pharmacokinetics of di-n-propylacetate in epileptic patients.Eur J Clin Pharmacol 8: 97, 1975

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Agurell S, Berlin A, Ferngren H, Hellstrom B: Plasma levels of diazepam after parenteral and rectal administration in children.Epilepsia 16: 277, 1975

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Knudsen FU: Plasma diazepam in infants after rectal administration in solution and by suppository.Acta Paediatr Scand 66: 563, 1977

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Sherwin AL, Robb JP: Ethosuximide: relation of plasma level to clinical control.Antiepileptic drugs. Woodbry DM, Penry JK, Schmidt RP (eds), New York, Raven Press, 1972, p 443

    Google Scholar 

  13. Taggart AJ, McDevitt DG: Digitalis its place in modern therapy.Drugs 20: 398, 1980

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Weinberger M, Bronsky EA: Evaluation of oral bronchodilator therapy in children.J Pediatr 84: 421, 1974

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Weinberger M, Bronsky EA: Interaction of ephedrine and theophylline.Clin Pharmacol Ther 17: 585, 1975

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Hambleton G, Weinberger M, Taylor J, Cavanaugh M, Ginchansky E, Godfrey S, Tooley M, Bell T, Greenberg S: Comparison of cromoglycate (Cromolyn) and theophylline in controlling symptoms of asthmaLancet 1: 381, 1977

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Shannon DC, Gotay F, Stein IM, Rogers MC, Todres ID, Moylan FMB: Prevention of apnea and bradycardia in low-birthweight infantsPediatrics 35: 589, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  18. Jones RAK, Baillie E: Dosage schedule for intravenous aminophylline on apneoa of prematurity, based on pharmacokinetic studies.Arch Dis Child 54: 190, 1979

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Brewer EJ Jr:Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis Philadelphia, Saunder. 1970

    Google Scholar 

  20. Ansell BM: Relationship of dosage and type of salicylate therapy to plasma levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In:Salicylates: Dixon A St J. Martin BK, Smith MJH. Wood PHN (Eds), London, Churchill 1963, 35

    Google Scholar 

  21. Jackson GG, Riff LS: Pseudomonas bacteremia pharmacologic and other bases for failure of treatment with gentamicin.J Infect Dis 124: S185, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  22. Noone P, Parson TMC, Pattison JR, Slack RCB, Garfield Davis D, Hughes K: Experience in monitoring gentamicin therapy during treatment of serious Gram-negative sepsis.Br Med J 1: 477, 1974

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Jackson GG, Arcieri G: Ototoxicity of gentamicin in man a survey and controlled analysis of clinical experience in the United States.J Infect Dis 124: S130, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  24. Dahlgren JG, Anderson ET, Hewitt WL: Gentamicin blood levels a guide to nephrotoxicity.Antimicrob Agents Chemother 8: 56, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  25. Goodman EL, Van Gelder J, Holmes RK, Hull AR, Sanford JP: Gentamicin serum levels, dose response and nephrotoxicity. (Abstract 21).In the Proceedings of the Fourteenth Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. San Francisco, September, 1974

  26. Raine PAM, Young DG: Tobramycin in paediatric use.Scot Med J 21: 66, 1976

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Black SB, Levine P, Shinefield HR: The necessity for monitoring chloramphenicol levels when treating neonatal meningitisJ Pediatr 92: 235, 1978

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. McKenzie MW, Stewart RB, Weiss CF, Cluff LE: A pharmacist based study of the epidemiology of adverse drug reactions in pediatric medecine patients.Am J Hosp Pharm 30: 893, 1973

    Google Scholar 

  29. Moreland TA, Rylance GW, Christopher LJ, Stevenson IH: Patterns of drug prescribing for children in hospital.Eur J Clin Pharmacol 14: 39, 1978

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Whyte J, Greenan E: Pattern and quality of recording pre-admission drug treatment in paediatric patients.Br Med J 1: 61, 1976

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Ayers G, Burnett D, Griffiths A, Richens A: Quality control of drug assays.Clin Pharmacokinet 6: 106, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Richens A: Drug level monitoring quantity and quality.Br J Clin Pharmac 5: 285, 1978

    Google Scholar 

  33. Lund L: Anticonvulsant effect of diphenylhydantoin relative to plasma levels. A prospective 3 year study in ambulant patients with generalised epileptic seizures.Arch Neurol.31: 289, 1974

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Dodson WE: Phenytoin elimination in childhood. Effect of concentration-dependent kinetics.Neurology 30: 196, 1980

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Buchthal F, Svensmark O, Schiller PJ: Clinical and electroencephalographic correlation with serum levels of diphenylhydantoin,Arch Neurol 2: 624, 1960

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Richens A:Drug treatment of epilepsy. Henry Kimpton, London, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Dahlqvist R, Borga O, Rane A, Walsh Z, Sjoqvist F: Decreased plasma protein binding of phenytoin in patients on valproic acid.Br J Clin Pharmac 8: 547, 1978

    Google Scholar 

  38. Frazer DG, Luddin TM, Evens RP, Sutherland EW: Displacement of phenytoin from plasma binding sites by salicylate.Clin Pharm Ther 27: 165, 1980

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Garrettson LK, Dayton PG: Disappearance of phenobarbital and diphenylhydantoin from serum of children.Clin Pharmacol Ther 11: 674, 1970

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Jalling B: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of phenobarbital in infants given single doses.Dev Med Child Neurol 16: 781, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  41. Neimann C, Gladtke E: Pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital in childhood.Eur J Clin Pharmacol 12: 305, 1977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Walson PD, Mimaki T, Curliss R, Mayersohn M, Perrier D: Once daily doses of phenobarbital in children.J Pediatr 97: 303, 1980

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Eadie MJ, Tyrer JH:Anticonvulsant therapy. Pharmacological basis and practice. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  44. Rylance GW, Moreland TA: Drug level monitoring in paediatric practice.Arch Dis Child 55: 89, 1980

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Bertilsson L, Hojer B, Tybring G, Osterlok J, Rane A: Autoinduction of carbamazepine metabolism in children examined by a stable isotope technique.Clin Pharm Ther 27: 83, 1980

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Hedrick R, Williams F, Morin R, Lamb WA, Cate JC: Carbamazepine-erythromycin interaction leading to carbamazepine toxicity in four epileptic children.Ther Drug Monit 5: 405, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Riva R, Contin M, Albani F, Perucca E, Ambrosetto G, Gobbi G, Cortell P, Procaccianti G, Baruzzi A: Free and total plasma concentrations of carbamazepine and carbamazepine 10, 11-epoxide in epileptic patients. Diurnal fluctuations and relationship with side effects.Ther Drug Monit 6: 408, 1984

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Schobben F, Vander Kleijn, Vree TB: Therapeutic monitoring of valproic acid.Ther Drug Monit. 2: 61, 1980

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Wulff K, Flachs H, Wurtz-Jorgenson A, Gram L: Clinical pharmacological aspects of valproate sodium.Epilepsia 18: 149, 1977

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Loiseau P, Brachet A, Henry P: Concentration of dipropylacetate in plasma.E'ilepsia 16: 609, 1975

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Levy RH: Monitoring of free valproic acid levels?Ther Drug Monit 2: 199, 1980

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Yu HY: Clinical implications of serum protein binding in epileptic children during sodium valproate maintenance therapy.Ther Drug Monit 6: 414, 1984

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Riva R, Albani F, Franzoni F, Perucca E, Santucci M, Baruzzi A: Valproic acid free fraction in epileptic children under chronic monotherapy.Ther Drug Monit 5: 197, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Dhillon S, 'Richens A: Valproic acid and diazepam interactionin vivo.Br J Clin Pharmac 13: 553, 1982

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Farrell K, Orr JM, Abbott FS, Ferguson S, Sheppard I, Godolphin W, Bruni J: The effect of acetysalicylic acid on serum free valproate concentrations and valproate clearance in children.J Pediatr 101: 142, 1982

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Clague HW, Twum-Barima Y, Carruthers SG: An audit of requests for therapeutic drug monitoring of digoxin problems and pitfalls.Ther Drug Monit 5: 249, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Wettrell G, Andersson KE: Clinical pharmacokinetics of digoxin in infants.Clin Pharmacokinet 2: 17, 1977

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Nyberg L, Wettrell G: Digoxin dosage schedules for neonates and infants based on pharmacokinetic considerations.Clin Pharmacokinet 3: 453, 1978

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Kearin M, Kelly JG, O'Malley K: Digoxin receptors in neonates an explanation of less sensitivity to digoxin than in adults.Clin Pharm Ther 28: 346. 1980

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Lundell BPW, Boreus LO: Digoxin therapy and left ventricular performance in premature infants with parent ductus arteriosus.Acta Paediatr Scand 73: 339, 1983

    Google Scholar 

  61. Kayser SR: Drugs increasing digoxin serum concentrations.Drug Interactions Newsletter 5: 1, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Hicks JM, Brett EM: Falsely increased digoxin concentrations in samples from neonates and infants.Ther Drug Monit 6: 461, 1984

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Nanji AA, Greenway DC: Falsely raised plasma digoxin concentrations in liver disease.Brit Med J 290: 432, 1985

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Hendeles L, Weinberger M, Johnson G: Monitoring serum theophylline levels.Clin Pharmacokinet 3: 294, 1978

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Sarrazini E, Hendeles L, Weinberger M, Muir K, Riegelman S: Dose-dependent kinetics for theophylline: observations among ambulatory asthmatic childrenJ Pediatr 97: 825, 1980

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. LaForce C, Miller MF, Chai H: Effect of erythromycin on theophylline clearance in asthmatic children.J Pediatr 99: 153, 1981

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Rosenberry KR, Defusco CJ, Mansmann HC, Mc Gready SJ: Reduced theophylline half life induced by carbamazepine therapy.J Pediatr 102: 472, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Buchanan N: Aminoglycoside monitoring in neonates a re-appraisal.Aust NZ J Med (In the press).

  69. Adelman RD, Zakauddin S: Urine enzyme activities in children and neonates receiving gentamicin.Dev Pharmacol Ther 1: 325, 1980

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Tessin I, Bergmark J, Hiesche K, Jagenburg R, Trollfors B: Renal function of neonates during gentamicin treatment.Arch Dis Child 5: 758, 1982

    Google Scholar 

  71. Elinder G, Aperia A: Development of glomerular filtration rate and excretion of B2 microglobulin in neonates during gentamicin treatment.Acta Paediatr Scand 72: 219, 1983

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Rajchgot P, Prober CG, Soldin S, Perlman M, Good F, Harding E, Klein J, MacLeod S: Aminoglycoside related nephrotoxicity in the premature newborn.Clin Pharm Ther 35: 394, 1984

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Finitzo-Heiber T, McCracken GH, Roesser RJ, Allen DA, Chrane DF, Morrow J: Ototoxicity in neonates treated with gentamicin and kanamycin results of a 4 year controlled follow up study.Pediatrics 63: 443, 1979

    Google Scholar 

  74. McCracken GH, Nelson JD: Antimicrobial therapy for Newborns. Practical application of pharmacology to clinical usage.New York, Grune and Stratton 44: 45, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  75. Fuquay D, Koup J, Smith AL: Management of neonatal gentamicin overdosage.J Pediatr 99: 473, 1981

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Eviatar L, Eviatar E: Development of head control and vestibular responses in infants treated with aminoglycosides.Dev Med Child Neurol 24: 372, 1982

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Mulhall A, deLouvois J, Hurley R: Chloramphenicol toxicity in neonates its incidence and prevention.Br Med J 287: 1424, 1983

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Christensesn LK, Skovsted L: Inhibition of drug metabolism by chloramphenicol.Lancet ii: 1397, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  79. Balli RE, Reid MM, Orr L: Inhibition of diphenylhydantoin metabolism by chloramphenicol.Lancet i: 150, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  80. Bloxham RA, Durbin GM, Johnson T, Winterborn MH: Chloramphenicol and phenobarbitone-an interaction.Arch Dis Child 54: 76, 1979

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Danhof M, Breimer DD: Therapeutic drug monitoring in saliva.Clin Pharmacokinet 3: 39, 1978

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Goldsmith RF, Ouvrier RA: Salivary anticonvulsant levels in children a comparison of methods.Ther Drug Monit 3: 151, 1981

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Knott C, Bateman M, Reynolds F: Do salivary concentrations predict unbound theophylline concentrations? A problem reexamined.Br J Clin Pharmac 17: 9, 1984

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Boobis S, Trembath PW, Chambers RE, Edmunds AT, Carswell F: Salivary theophylline estimations are they valid subsitutes for plasma levels?Ther Drug Monit 1: 485, 1979

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Mucklow JC: The use of saliva in therapeutic drug monitoring.Ther Drug Monit 4: 229, 1982

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Levy RH: Monitoring of free drug levels: determination of free concentration versus free fraction.Ther Drug Monit 5: 243, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, 2145, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Neil Buchanan (Pediatric Pharmacologist)

Authors
  1. Neil Buchanan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Buchanan, N. Therapeutic drug monitoring. Indian J Pediatr 53, 149–162 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02748503

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02748503

Keywords

Search

Navigation