Skip to main content
Log in

The 24 hour intensity variations of the primary cosmic rays

  • Published:
Il Nuovo Cimento (1955-1965)

Summary

The data from nucleonio component detectors (neutron intensity monitors) are analysed for the amplitude and phase of maximum intensity of the 24 h variation at the geomagnetic equator and at 48‡ N. The same analysis is performed on selected charged particle detectors. The analysis covers 1953–55, which includes the time of solar cycle (sunspot) minimum in 1954. During 1954 it is known that the 24 h variation possesses an anomalous behaviour. It is shown that during 1954 there is an interval of 9 months or more when the solar daily variation appears to undergo a progressive phase shift whose time of maximum lies in the range of 0800–1000 h on a sidereal time scale. This anisotropy certainly exists in the radiation falling upon the atmosphere, and it is likely, although not proven, that the anisotropy prevails even outside the terrestrial field. The question of whether this sidereal effect is spurious or real is discussed in relationship to the recent results on the modulation of cosmic ray intensity within the solar system.

Riassunto

I dati di rivelatori della componente nucleonica dei raggi cosmici (« pila » per neutroni) sono analizzati dal punto di vista della variazione diurna all’equatore geomagnetico e a 48‡ N. L’esame si estende agli anni 1953–54–55, che comprendono l’ultimo periodo di minimo del ciclo delle macchie solari. Si è notato che durante l’anno {dy1954} la variazione diurna con periodo solare presenta un comportamento anomalo: si mostra qui che essa sembra risentire di uno spostamento progressivo della fase, mentre in tempo sidereo l’ora del massirno si mantiene costantemente nell’intervallo fra le 08 00 e le 1000. Si è certamente in presenza di una anisotropia della radiazione che incide sull’atmosfera, e sembra molto probabile, sebbene non del tutto provato, che essa si estenda anche al di fuori del campo magnetico terrestre. La questione se tale effetto sia reale o spurio viene discussa alla luce dei recenti risultati sui processi di modulazione dell’intensità dei raggi cosmici.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. H. Elliot inProgress in Cosmic Ray Physics (Amsterdam, 1952).

  2. V. Sarabhai andN. W. Nerurkar inAnnual Review of Nuclear Science, vol. VI (1956).

  3. J. Firor, W. Fonger andJ. A. Simpson:Phys. Rev.,94, 1031 (1954).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. M. Possener andI. J. Van Heerden:Phil. Mag.,1, 253 (1956).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. R. Steinmaurer andH. Gheri:Naturwiss.,42, 10, 204 (1955).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Y. Miyazaki:Journ. Sci. Res. Instr.,49, 267 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  7. T. Yagi andH. Ueno:Journ. Geomag. and Geoelect.,3, 93 (1950).

    Google Scholar 

  8. R. P. Kane:Phys. Rev.,98, 130 (1955).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. T. Thambyahpillai andH. Elliot:Nature,171, 918 (1953).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. A. Sittkus as published inSonnen Zirkular. Fraunhofer Institute, Germany, 1953, 1954, 1955.

    Google Scholar 

  11. F. Bachelet andA. M. Conforto:Nuovo Cimento,12, 923 (1954).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. S. Chapman andJ. Bartels:Geomagnetism, (Oxford, 1940).

  13. P. Meyer andJ. A. Simpson:Phys. Rev.,106, 568 (1957).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. S. E. Forbush andI. Lange:Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication, V, no. 175.

  15. The Sun. Ed. byKuiper (Chicago, 1953).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Assisted in part by the Office of Scientific Research and the Geophysics Eesearch Directorate, Air Force Cambridge Research Center, Air Research and Development Command, U. S. Air Force.

On leave from Department of Physics, Istituto di Fisica dell’Università, Roma, Italy, 1955–1956.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Conforto, A.M., Simpson, J.A. The 24 hour intensity variations of the primary cosmic rays. Nuovo Cim 6, 1052–1063 (1957). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02747389

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02747389

Navigation