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On possible regularities underlying the scheme of elementary particle states

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Il Nuovo Cimento (1955-1965)

Summary

An approach is made in order to interpret the observed regularities of the known states of elementary particles by assuming that when we disregard secondary perturbations to which the differences of mass between baryons are attributed, the fundamental properties of all baryons should be the same ; particularly all baryons should be spinors and isospinors corresponding to the scheme shown in the Fig. 3, where in abscissa are plotted the values of charge, and in ordinate the strangeness. It is assumed that the only possible transitions between baryonic states are those indicated by dotted lines on the scheme, the horizontal lines being due to emission or absorption of π± -mesons, the vertical ones to that of K0 or\(\bar K\) 0-mesons and the diagonal ones to K+-mesons. These transitions are ruled by three 1/2 isospins, Τ for pions, Ω for K0, Τz for K+-, with a similar formalism for each as used for ordinary isotopic spin; the three Τ, Ω and ζ spins representing internal degrees of freedom of the baryon, the quantum number labels for each baryonic state due to these spins being indicated in the brackets for each baryon as (Τ3, Ω3, ζ3). It is shown that these assumptions are equivalent to the Gell-Mann Nishijima rules and that when suitable perturbations between the mesonic fields are introduced, the doublets ɛ+Z0 and Y0ɛ- are mixed and give the singlet λ0 and the triplet ɛ+,0,- states as observed; the hamiltonian then goes even into the form proposed by d’Espagnat andPrentki. Finally the physical meaning for the three quantum numbers of the baryons is discussed.

Riassunto

Si cerca di interpretare le osservate regolarità delle particelle elementari note fino ad oggi coll’assumere che, quando si trascurino perturbazioni secondarie alle quali si possono attribuire le osservate difierenze di massa tra i barioni, le proprietà fondamentali di tutti i barioni sono le medesime; in particolare, tutti i barioni hanno da essere allora fermioni ed isofermioni secondo uno schema indicato in Fig. 3, sul quale figurano in ascisse le cariche elettriche ed in ordinate le stranezze, mentre tutti i mesoni sono bosoni ed isobosoni. Si assume che le sole transizioni possibili tra stati barionici sono quelle indicate dalle linee tratteggiate in Fig. 3, le linee orizzontali essendo dovute all’emissione od assorbimento di mesoni π carichi, quelle vertieali di mesoni K0 o K0, e quelle oblique di mesoni K carichi. Le transizioni sono regolate da tre diversi spin isotopici 1/2, Τ per i pioni, Ω per i K neutri, e ζ per i K carichi, con un formalismo identico a quello usato per lo spin isotopico ordinario ; i tre spin Τ,Ω e ζ rappresentano gradi interni di libertà del barione, i numeri quantici per ogni stato barionico dovuti a tali spin essendo indicati tra parentesi per ogni barione (Τ3, ε3, ζ3). Si fa vedere come tali ipotesi sono equivalenti alle regole di Grell-Mann-Nishijima e come introducendo opportune perturbazioni tra i campi mesonici, i doppietti ɛ+Z0 e Y0 ɛ0 vengano mescolati e diano origine al singoletto λ0 ed al tripletto ɛ+.0.-, come in effetti si osserva. L’hamiltoniano qui usato si trasforma allora in quello proposto da d’Es-Pangnat e Prentki. Per finire viene discusso il senso fisico da attribuire ai tre numeri quantici dei barioni.

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References

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This work has been presented at the Padua-Venice Conference on Mesons and Recently Discovered Particles, September 22, 1957.

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Dallaporta, N. On possible regularities underlying the scheme of elementary particle states. Nuovo Cim 7, 200–214 (1958). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02744198

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02744198

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