Some fundamental considerations to precede image analysis

Abstract

This paper explains the different types of specimens which are of a deterministic or stochastic nature. Especially for stochastic specimens it is pointed out that, before any measurement is done, the problem has to be analyzed as to why we measure. As a size per se does not exist it is shown that particles must be analyzed by size and shape. For this, two methods are indicated, while it is stressed that in materials science the Delfiner approach for description of particle sizes is the most practicable.

Based on Delfiner’s concept of size the classification of particles according to their size, shape and orientation is explained. For measuring use of the image transformationserosion, ouverture is proposed. In addition, a new transformation called “Template matching” is explained. This new transformation avoids the disadvantages of erosion and ouverture in case of concave particles. Besides, template matching, in contrast to erosion or ouverture, is able to give true values of area and circumference. The concept of classification is explained by simple examples.