References
Laub MC, Paetzke-Brunner I, Jaeger G. Seum carnitine during valproic acid therapy.Epilepsia 1982; 27: 559–562.
Beghi E, Bizzi A, Godegoni AMet al. Valporate, carnitine metabolism, and biochemical indicator of liver functionEpilepsia 1990; 31: 346–352.
Bohan TP, Millington DS, Roe CRet al Valproyl carnitine a novel metabolite of valproic acid.Ann Neurol 1980; 16: 394.
Ohtani Y, Endo F, Matsuda J. Carnitine deficiency and hyperammonemia associated with valproic acid therapy.J Pediatr 1982; 101: 782–785.
Opala G, Winter S, Vanceet al. The effect of valproic acid on plasma carnitine levels.Am J Dis Child 1991; 145: 999–1001.
Sakemi K, Hayasaka K, Tahara Met al. The effect of carnitine on the metabolism of valproic acids in epileptic patients.Tohoku J Exp Med 1992; 167: 89–92.
Dreifuss FE, Santilli N, Langer DHet al. Valproic acid hepatic fatalities: A retrospective review.Neurology 1987; 37 : 379–385.
Zimmerman H, Ishak KC. Valproate-induced hepatic injury; Analyses of 23 fatal cases.Hepatology 1982; 2: 591–597.
Sugimoto T. Reye-like syndrome associated with valproic acid.Brain Development 1983; 5: 334–337.
Bratton SL, Gardeb AL, Bohan TP, French JW, Clarke WR. A child with Valproic acid-associated carnitine deficiency and carnitine-responsive cardiac dysfunction.J Child Neurology 1992; 7: 413–416.
Mathis RK, Lindahl JA, Freese DK, Sharp HL. Valproic acid and hepatocyte failure in childrenPediatr Res 1979; 13: 527.
Tennison MB, Miles MV, Pollock GMet al. Valproate metabolites and hepatoxicity in an epileptic population.Epilepisa 1988; 29: 543–547.
Riva R, Albani F, Gobbi Get al. Carnitine disposition before and during valproate therapy in patients with epilepsy.Epilepsia 1993; 34:184–187.
Zelnik N, Fridkis I, Gruener N. Reduced carnitine and antiepileptic drugs: cause relationship or co-existence ?Acta Pediatr 1995; 84 : 93–95.
Winter SC, Vance WH, Zorn EMet al. Carnitine deficiency in Paediatrics: experience at Valley Children’s Hospital, Fresno, California. In :L-Carnitine and Its Role in Medicine : From Function to Therapy R. Ferrari, S. Dimauro, G. Sherwood (Eds). Academic Press Limited, San Diego, New York, Boston, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto 1992; 209–221.
Melegh B, Kerner J, Acsadi Get al. L-carnitine replacement therapy in chronic valproate treatment.Neuropediatrics 1990; 20:40–43.
Thorn H, Carter PE, Cole GF, Stevenson KL. Ammonia and carnitine concentrations in children treated with sodium valproate compared with other anticonvulsant drugsDev Med and Child Neurol 1991; 33: 795–802.
Coulter DL, Allen RJ. Hyperammonemia with valproic acid therapy.J Pediatr 1981; 99: 317–319.
Costel M, Miguez MP, O’Conner JEet al. Effect of hyperammonemia on the levels of carnitine in mice.Neurology 1987; 37: 804–808.
Riva R, Zaccaro G, Albani Fet al. Effects of acute valproic acid administration on carnitine plasma concentrations in epileptic patients.Epilepsy Res 1991; 8: 149–152.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tütüncüoglu, S., Tekgül, H., Levent, E. et al. Serum free carnitine levels during valproic acid therapy. Indian J Pediatr 64, 567–571 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02737771
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02737771