Skip to main content
Log in

Alloparental behavior in a captive group of spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) at the Auckland zoo

  • Published:
International Journal of Primatology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

I studied alloparental behavior in a captive group of spider monkeys at the Auckland Zoo using seven infants as focal subjects and assessed the effects of age, sex, and reproductive status of alloparents on patterns of infant-other interaction. Adult males initiated interactions with infants most often, followed by adult females. Immature individuals interacted with infants infrequently. Infants themselves initiated contact with adult males more often than with other members of the group. Alloparental behavior in spider monkeys differs from that in most other species in that the infant is an active rather than a passive participant in alloparental interactions. I discuss the patterns of infant-other interaction in relation to the social structure and dispersal patterns of Ateles.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ahumada, J. A. (1992). Grooming behavior of spider monkeys (Aleles geoffroyi) on Barro Colorado Island, Panama.Int. J. Primatol. 13: 33–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Altmann, J. (1974). Observational study of behaviour: Sampling method.Behaviour 49: 227–267.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baxter, M. J. (1979).Behavioural Patterns Relating to Age and Sex in Free-Ranging Spider Monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi)in Tikal National Park, Guatemala, Masters thesis. University of Alberta. Edmonton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolin, I. (1981). Male parental behavior in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pattiata pigra) in Belize and Guatemala.Primates 22: 349–360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burton, F. D. (1972). The integration of biology and behavior in the socialization ofMacaca sylvana of Gibraltar. In Poirier, F. (ed.),Primate Socialization, Random House, New York, pp. 29–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cant, J. (1977).Ecology, Locomotion and Social Organization of Spider Monkeys (Ateles geofiroyi), Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Davis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter, C. R. (1935). Behavior of red spider monkeys in Panama.J. Mammal. 16: 171–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, C. A. (1990). Association patterns of spider monkeys: The influence of ecology and sex on social organization.Behav. EcoL Sociobiol. 26: 409–414.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, C. A., Fedigan, L. M., Fedigan, L., and Chapman, L. J. (1989). Post-weaning resource competition and sex ratios in spider monkeys.Oikos 54: 315–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dare, R. J. (1974).The Social Behavior and Ecology of Spider Monkeys, Ateles geoffroyi,on Barro Colorado Island, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Oregon, Eugene.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenberg, J. F. (1976). Communication mechanisms and social integration in the black spider monkey,Ateles flisciceps robustus, and related species.Smithson. Contrib. Zool. 213: 1–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenberg, J. F., and Kuehn, R. E. (1966). The behavior ofAteles geoffroyi and related species.Smithson. Misc. Coll. 151: 1–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Estrada, A. (1982). A case of adoption of a howler monkey infant (Alouatta vilJosa) by a female spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi).Primates 23: 135–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Estrada, A., and Paterson, J. D. (1980). A case of adoption in a captive group of Mexican spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi).Primates 21: 128–129.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fairbanks, L. A. (1990). Reciprocal benefits of allomothering for female vervet monkeys.Anim. Behav. 40: 553–562.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fedigan, L. M., and Baxter, M. J. (1984). Sex differences and social organization in free-ranging spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi).Primates 25: 277–294.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glander, K. E. (1975). Baby-sitting, infant sharing, and adoptive behavior in mantled howling monkeys.Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 41: 482.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodall, J. (1986).The Chimpanzees of Gombe, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., and London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton, W. D. (1964). The genetical evolution of social behavior. Parts I and II.J. Theor. Biol 7: 1–16, 17–52.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Horwich, R. H., and Gebhard, K. (1986). Relation of allomothering to infant age in howlers,Alouatta pigra, with reference to Old World monkeys. In Taub, D. M., and King, F. A. (eds.),Current Perspectives in Primate Social Dynamics, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 66–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horwich, R. H., and Wurman, C. (1978). Socio-maternal behaviors in response to an infant birth inColobus guereza.Primates 19: 693–713.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hrdy, S. B. (1976). Care and exploitation of nonhuman primate infants by conspecifics other than the mother.Adv. Study Behav. 6: 101–158.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hrdy, S. B. (1977).The Langurs of Abu: Female and Male Strategies of Reproduction, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klein, L. L. (1972).The Ecology and Social Organization of the Spider Monkey, Ateles Belzebuth, Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lancaster, J. B. (1971). Play-mothering: The relations between juvenile females and young infants among free-ranging vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops).Folia Primatol. 15: 161–182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leibrecht, B. C, and Kelley, S. T. (1977). Some observations of behavior in breeding pairs of owl monkeys. Paper presented at the American Society of Primatologists meeting, Seattle, Wash.

  • McFarland, M. J. (1986). Ecological determinants of fission-fusion sociality inAteles andPan. In Else, J. G., and Lee, P. C. (eds.),Primate Ecology and Conservation, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 181–190.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKenna, J. J. (1979). The evolution of allomothering behavior among colobine monkeys: Function and opportunism in evolution.Am. Anthropol. 81: 818–840.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mendoza, S. P., and Mason, W. A. (1986). Parenting within a monogamous society. In Else, J. G. and Lee, P. C. (eds.),Primate Ecology and Conservation, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 255–266.

    Google Scholar 

  • Milton, K. (1981a). Estimates of reproductive parameters for free-rangingAteles geoffroyi.Primates 22: 574–579.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milton, K. (1981b). Distribution patterns of tropical plant foods as an evolutionary stimulus to primate mental development.Am. AnthropoL 83: 534–548.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nicolson, N. A. (1987). Infants, mothers, and other females. In Smuts, B. B., Cheney, D. L., Seyfarth, R. M., Wrangham, R. W., and Struhsaker, T. T. (eds.),Primate Societies, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, London, pp. 330–342.

    Google Scholar 

  • Price, E. C. (1992). Contributions to infant care in cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus): The influence of age, sex, and reproductive status.Int. J. Primatol. 13: 125–141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quiatt, D. (1979). Aunts and mothers: Actaptive implications of allomaternal behavior of nonhuman primates.Am. AnthropoL 81: 310–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richard, A. (1970). A comparative study of the activity patterns and behavior ofAlouatta vllosa andAteles geoffroyi.Folia Primatol. 12: 241–263.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Small, M. F. (1990). Alloparental behavior in Barbary macaques,Macaca sylvanus.Anim. Behav. 39: 297–306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Small, M. F. (1991). Natal attraction: The evolution of alloparental behavior in primates.Am. J. Phys. AnthropoL Suppl. 12: 163.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanford, C. B. (1992). Costs and benefits of allomothering in wild capped langurs (Presbytis pileatd).Behav. Ecol Sociobiol 30: 29–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Symington, M. M. (1987a). Sex ratio and maternal rank in wild spider monkeys: When daughters disperse.Behav. EcoL Sociobiol. 20: 421–425.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Symington, M. M. (1987b).Ecology and Social Correlates of Party Size in the Black Spider Monkey, Ateles paniscus chamek, Ph.D. dissertation, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  • Symington, M. M. (1988). Food competition and foraging party size in the black spider monkey (Ateles paniscus chamek).Behaviour 105: 117–154.

    Google Scholar 

  • Symington, M. M. (1990). Fission-fusion social organization inAteles andPan.Int. J. Primatol. 11: 47–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tardif, S. D., Carson, R. L., and Gangaware, B. L. (1986). Comparison of infant care in family groups of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) and the cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus).Am. J. Primatol. 11: 103–110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taub, D. M., and Redican, W. K. (1984). Adult male-infant interactions in Old World monkeys and apes. In Taub, D. M. (ed.),Primate Paternalism, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 377–406.

    Google Scholar 

  • Terborgh, J., and Goldizen, A. W. (1985). On the mating system of the cooperatively breeding saddle-back tamarin (Saguinus fucicollis).Behav. EcoL Sociobiol. 16: 293–299.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Roosmalen, M. G. A. (1980).Habitat Preferences, Diet, Feeding Strategy and Social Organization of the Black Spider Monkey (Ateles paniscus paniscus) in Surinam, Ph.D. dissertation, Agricultural University of Wageningen, Wageningen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vogt, J. L. (1984). Interactions between adult males and infants in prosimians and new world monkeys. In Taub, D. M. (ed.),Primate Paternalism, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 346–376.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitten, P. L. (1987). Infants and adult males. In Smuts, B. B., Cheney, D. L., Seyfarth, R. M., Wrangham, R. W., and Struhsaker, T.T. (eds.),Primate Societies, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, London, pp. 343–357.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Watt, S.L. Alloparental behavior in a captive group of spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) at the Auckland zoo. Int J Primatol 15, 135–151 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02735239

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02735239

Key words

Navigation