Summary
The nonspherically symmetric solutions to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory are given a physical interpretation in terms of an anisotropic fluid model. These solution have been used previously to predict a phase transition in liquid3He byEmery andSessler and byBrueckner, Soda, Anderson andMorel. An investigation of the flow properties of such systems is made that involves the calculation of the effective mass for flow in a straight channel and the moment of inertia of a cylindrical container of the liquid. The angular dependent energy gap characteristic of this type of theory leads to an effective mass for flow that depends on the angle between the axis of symmetry of the fluid and the direction of flow. The effective mass for flow vanishes as the absolute temperature tends to zero, although not as rapidly as for a spherically symmetric gap. The moment of inertia, when the symmetry direction for the fluid and the rotation axis are the same, is simply related to the mass for flow.
Riassunto
Si dà una interpretazione fisica in termini di un modello di fluido anisotropo alle soluzioni sfericamente asimmetriche della teoria di Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer. Queste soluzioni sono state precedentemente usate daEmery eSessler e daBrueckner, Soda, Anderson eMorel per predire una transizione di fase nel3He liquido. Si esegue una ricerca delle caratteristiche di flusso di tali sistemi, che comporta il calcolo della massa effettiva per il flusso in un canale diritto e del momento d’inerzia di un cilindro contenente il liquido. Il gap di energia dipendente dall’angolo caratteristico di questo tipo di teoria porta ad una massa effettiva per il flusso che dipende dall’angolo fra l’asse di simmetria del fluido e la direzione del flusso. La massa effettiva per il flusso si annulla al tendere a zero della temperatura assoluta, anche se non altrettanto rapidamente che per un gap a simmetria sferica. Quando la direzione di simmetria del fluido coincide con l’asse di rotazione, il momento d’inerzia sta in un rapporto semplice con la massa per il flusso.
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Supported in part by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, and in part by the National Science Foundation.
Work performed while a visitor at the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory.
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Glassgold, A.E., Sessler, A.M. Flow properties of superfluid systems of fermions. Nuovo Cim 19, 723–737 (1961). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02733368
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02733368