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On Cauchy’s problem in general relativity

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Il Nuovo Cimento (1955-1965)

Summary

It is shown that a suitable set of Cauchy’s conditions for Einstein’s equations in vacuo consists in specifying the values ofg kl andg kl,0 on a hypersurfacex 0 = 0. The correspondingg 0k are to be found by solving threespatial second order differential equations, andg 00 is then given by analgebraic relation. The first and higher time derivatives ofg remain completely undetermined by the field equations, thus leaving room for arbitrary coordinate transformations. It is further shown that even if theg kl are chosen close to their Galilean values, and if theg kl,0 are small, the remainingg will in general not be close to their Galilean values. However, a detailed investigation of the physical components of the curvature tensor shows that the field can nevertheless be weak, thus implying that the large discrepancies between theg and their Galilean values are only a coordinate effect. The field is really strong only close to domains where the determinant of theg vanishes. By a suitable coordinate transformation, those domains can be made to shrink to points, and the resulting singularities may be interpreted as representing matter. This supports Einstein’s view that matter should not be considered as something foreign to the metric field itself.

Riassunto

Si dimostra che una serie adeguata di condizioni di Cauchy per le equazioni di Einstein per lo spazio vuoto consiste nello specificare i valori dig kl eg kl,0 su un’ipersuperficiex 0 = 0. Ig 0k corrispondenti si debbono trovare risolvendo tre equazioni differenzialispaziali del second’ordine, eg 00 è dato allora da una relazione algebrica. Le derivate rispetto al tempo, prima e superiori, dig restano completamente indeterminate dalle equazioni del campo, permettendo così arbitrarie trasformazioni di coordinate. Si dimostra inoltre che anche se leg kl si scelgono prossime ai loro valori galileani e leg kl,0 sono piccole, le restantig non saranno, in generale, prossime ai loro valori galileani. Tuttavia, un esame dettagliato dei componenti fisici del tensore di curvatura mostra che il campo può non pertanto esser debole, il che fa pensare che le forti discrepanze tra leg e i loro valori galileani sono dovute solo alle coordinate adottate. Il campo è realmente forte solo in prossimità dei domini in cui si annulla il determinante delleg . Con un’opportuna trasformazione delle coordinate, tali domini possono esser ridotti a punti, e le singolarità che ne risultano si possono interpretare come rappresentazioni di materia. Ciò corrobora l’opinione di Einstein che la materia non debba considerarsi come estranea al campo metrico stesso.

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Partly supported by the U.S. Air Force through the Air Research and Development Command.

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Peres, A., Rosen, N. On Cauchy’s problem in general relativity. Nuovo Cim 13, 430–438 (1959). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02732953

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02732953

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