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On some experiments leading to a revision of the foundations of quantum mechanics

О некоторых экспериментах, приводящих к ревизии основ квантовой механики

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Il Nuovo Cimento B (1971-1996)

Summary

When a homogeneous electron beam passes through a hole in a screen, according to quantum mechanics a well-known diffraction picture is obtained. It does not depend on the density ϱ of the electrons, because Schrödinger’s equation is linear. But the experiment contradicts this deduction, because actually the cross-section of the beam dilatates behind the screen for large ϱ. According to the new viewpoint on quantum mechanics proposed by the author, a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation is obtained. From this it follows both a dilatation of the electron beam and a change in de Broglie’s wavelength, depending on ϱ. The attempt to check these effects may turn into a crucial experiment.

Riassunto

Quando un fascio omogeneo di elettroni passa attraverso un buco in uno schermo, si ottiene secondo la meccanica quantistica una ben nota figura di diffrazione. Essa non dipende dalla densità ϱ degli elettroni perché l’equazione di Schrödinger è lineare. Ma gli esperimenti contraddicono questa deduzione, perché in effetti la sezione trasversale del fascio si dilata dietro lo schermo per ϱ grande. Secondo un nuovo punto di vista sulla meccanica quantistica si ottiene un’equazione di Schrödinger generalizzata non lineare. Da essa seguono sia una dilatazione del fascio di elettroni sia una variazione nella lunghezza d’onda di de Broglie, che dipendono da ϱ. Il tentativo di accertare questi effetti può portare ad un esperimento cruciale.

Резюме

При прохождении однородного потока электронов через экран с отверстием, за экраном получается хорошо знакомая дифракционная картина. Последняя не зависит от плотности электронов ϱ, так как уравнение Шредингера-линейное. Однако эксперимент противоречит этому заключению: за экраном при больших значениях ϱ поперечное сечение пучка нарастает. Используя новый подход к квантовой механике, предложенный автором, выводится обобщенное нелинейное уравнение Шредингера. Этим уравнением можно обьяснить как расширение электронного пучка, так и изменение длины волны де Бройля λ в зависимости от ϱ. Опыт для проверки этих Эффектов может стать решающим опытом.

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Datzeff, A.B. On some experiments leading to a revision of the foundations of quantum mechanics. Nuovo Cim B 29, 105–123 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02732233

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02732233

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