Summary
In models of extended hadrons, in which small bits of matter carrying charge and effective mass exist confined within a medium, oscillations in the matter density may occur. We suggest a way of investigating this possibility experimentally in high-energy hadronhadron elastic diffraction scattering, and we illustrate the effect by examining some existing data which might be relevant to the question.
Riassunto
Nei modelli di adroni estesi, nei quali esistono piccoli pezzi di materia conducenti carica e massa effettiva confinate entro un mezzo, possono accadere oscillazioni nella densità della materia. Si consiglia un modo per studiare questa possibilità sperimentalmente nello scattering della diffrazione elastica adrone-adrone ad alta energia, e si illustra l’effetto esaminando alcuni dati esistenti che possono essere pertinenti alla questione.
Реэюме
В моделях протяженных адронов, в которых сушествуют маленькие кусочки вешества, несушие эаряд и зффективную массу, находяшиеся внутри среды, могут иметь место осцилляции плотности вешества. Мы предлагаем метод исследования зтой воэможности зкспериментально в процессе упругого дифракционного адрон-адронного рассеяния при высоких знергиях. Мы иллюстрируем зффект осцилляций, исследуя некоторые имеюшиеся данные, которые относятся к рассматриваемой проблеме.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
H. A. Bethe:Ann. Rev. Nucl. Sci.,21, 93 (1971).
For early analyses, along these lines, of data on electron scattering from nuclei, seeJ. B. Bellicard, P. Bounin, R. F. Frosch, R. Hofstadter, J. S. McCarthy, F. J. Uhhrhane andM. R. Yearian:Phys. Rev. Lett.,19, 527 (1967);J. Heisenberg, R. Hofstadter, J. S. McCarthy, I. Sick, B. C. Clark, R. Herman andD. G. Ravenhall:Phys. Rev. Lett.,23, 1402 (1969).
For recent analyses seeI. Sick andJ. S. McCarthy:Nucl. Phys.,150 A, 631 (1970);I. Sick:Nucl. Phys.,208 A, 557 (1973).
The theoretical implications of this type of analysis for nuclear-shell structure are summarized in ref. (1). above and inJ. W. Negele:Phys. Rev. C,1, 1260 (1970);J. L. Friar andJ. W. Negele:Comm. Nucl. Part. Phys.,5, 181 (1972).
A. B. Migdal:Žurn. Ėksp. Teor. Fiz.,63, 1993 (1972) (English translation:Sov. Phys. JETP,36, 1052 (1973)).
A. B. Migdal:Phys. Lett.,52 B, 264 (1974);Žurn. Ėksp. Teor. Fiz. Pis. Red.,19, 539 (1974) (English translation:JETP Lett.,19, 284 (1974)).
S. Barshay, G. Vagradov andG. E. Brown:Phys. Lett.,43 B, 359 (1973).
S. Barshay andG. E. Brown:Phys. Lett.,47 B, 107 (1973).
N. A. Kirichenko andG. A. Sorokin: Landau Institute preprint, Chernogolovka, USSR (1976) (to be published).
For example, in the SLAC « bag » the quarks are mainly near the surface.W. A. Bardeen, M. S. Chanowitz, S. D. Drell, M. Weinstein andT. M. Yan:Phys. Rev. D,11, 1094 (1975).
J. D. Walecka:Ann. of Phys.,83, 491 (1974).
See, for example,J. Bernstein:Rev. Mod. Phys.,46, 7 (1974).
T. T. Chou andC. N. Yang:High-Energy Physics and Nuclear Structure, edited byG. Alexander (Amsterdam, 1967), p. 348.
G. Barbiellini, M. Bozzo, P. Darriulat, G. Diambrini Palazzi, G. De Zorzi, A. Fainberg, M. I. Ferrero, M. Holder, A. McFarland, G. Maderni, S. Orito, J. Pilcher, C. Rubbia, A. Santroni, G. Sette, A. Staude, P. Strolin andK. Tittel:Phys. Lett.,39 B, 663 (1972).
J. N. J. White:Nucl. Phys.,51 B, 23 (1973).
The parameterC used in ref. (15) above underestimates the total cross-section (whose increase was not measured at the time). We have performed an adjustment ofC, and of the fit-parameter µ2 in ref. (15), to obtain a total cross-section of 42.6 mb and a logarithmic slope neart=0 of 12.75 (GeV/c)−2 in agreement with present measurements (ref. (17) below) (C=10.75 (GeV/c)−2, µ2=0.702 (GeV/c)2). Thus flg. 1a) shows the ratio of the data to our adjusted fit. The deviations near −t=0.16 (GeV/c)2 must be similar to those in fig. 1d) of ref. (15), because these deviations are directly visible in the data for dσ/dt (see fig. 2d) of ref. (14) above).
U. Amaldi: inHighlights in Particle Physics, edited byA. Zichichi (Bologna, 1973).
The experiment was not designed to minimize certain possible defects in the wires of the detection apparatus which could give rise to such effects. We thankC. Rubbia for a discussion.
Private communication fromG. Tarnopolsky, concerning the second-generation experiments carried out by himself, others and members of the ACHGTCollaboration (ref. (14) above). We have grateful toDr. Tarnopolsky for showing and explaining to us the data bearing upon the question raised in this paper, prior to its forthcoming publication.
Very recent experiments (Fermilab Single Arm Spectrometer Group:Phys. Rev. Lett.,18, 1195 (1974)) on hadron-proton elastic diffraction scattering from √s=9.7 GeV to 18.2 GeV confirm theconcavity of diffraction peaks ast→0, observed for pp at ISR energies. At these lower energies, possible small structure near −t=0.2 (GeV/c)2 in pp scattering, in particular, might be investigated within thet-dependent experimental uncertainties of a few percent. However, again, these experiments have not been designed to look for structure at smallt. We thankJ. Litt for giving us unpublished data and for helpful discussion.
D. R. Botterill, D. W. Braben, H. E. Montgomery, P. R. Norton, G. Matone, A. Del Guerra, A. Giazotto, M. A. Giorgi, T. Orsitto andA. Stefanini:Phys. Lett.,46 B, 125 (1973).
S. Pokorski andL. Van Hove:Acta Phys. Pol.,5 B, 229 (1974).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Arnold, R., Barshay, S. Density oscillations within hadrons. Nuov Cim A 35, 457–464 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02731780
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02731780