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Design of a resonant gravitational-wave detector with quantum-limited sensitivity

Конструкция резонансного детектора гравитационных волн с чувствительностяю, ограниченной квантовыми эффектами

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Il Nuovo Cimento B (1971-1996)

Summary

It is shown that aresonant transducer is indispensable in a wide range of experimental conditions in order to accomplish optimum matching between a cryogenic antenna and a low-noise amplifier. Noise characteristics of a d.c. SQUID are analyzed and an improved design of a point contact d.c. SQUID is described. Conditions for transducer matching and detectability of a gravitational-wave signal are derived for a system employing a d.c. SQUID. It appears that a d.c. SQUID operating at the quantum-limited sensitivity could be realized in our proposed design and matched to a massive aluminum antenna cooled to 0.05 K by using a resonant superconducting inductive transducer. Presently achievable detector parameters are shown to be sufficient to allow a detection sensitivity corresponding to a resolution of a few photons in the antenna, the ultimate quantum-mechanical limit derived for an antenna instrumented with a linear-motion detector.

Riassunto

Si mostra che un trasduttore un trasduttore risonante è indispensabile in un ampio lasso di condizioni sperimentali allo scopo di ottenere condizioni operative ottimali tra un’antenna criogenica e un amplificatore a basso disturbo. Si analizzano caratteristiche di disturbo di uno SQUID d.c. e si descrive uno schema migliorato di uno SQUID d.c. a contatto puntiforme. Si derivano condizioni per l’uso del trasduttore e per la determinazione di un segnale di onda gravitazionale per un sistema che impiega lo SQUID d.c. Appare che uno SQUID d.c. che opera a sensibilità quanto-limitata potrebbe essere realizzato nello schema da noi proposto e collegato a un’antenna di alluminio massiva riscaldata a 0.05 K usando un trasduttore induttivo risonante superconduttore. Si mostra che i parametri del detettore attualmente ottenibili sono sufficienti per permettere una sensibilità di detezione corrispondente a una risoluzione di pochi fononi nell’antenna, il limite quantomeccanico definitivo derivato per un’antenna attrezzata con un detettore con moto lineare.

Резюме

Показывается, чторезонансный датчик необходим в широкой области зкспериментальных условий, чтобы получить оптимальное согласование межди криогенной антенной и усилителем. Анализируются характеристики шумов в dc SQUID и описывается улучшенная конструкция dc SQUID. Для системы, использующейся dc SQUID, выводятся условия для согласования датчика и для обнаружимости сигнала от гравитационных волн. Оказывается, что dc SQUID с чувствительностьу, ограниченной квантовыми эффектами, может быть реализован в предложенной нами конструкции и может быть согласован с массивной алюмниевой антенной, охлажденной до 0.05 К, используя резонансный сверхпроводящий нндуктивныи датчик. Показывается, что параметры детектора позволяют определить чувствительность детектирования, соответствующую разрешению нескольких фононов в антенне, т.е. соответствующую квантовомеханическому пределу.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maryland, 20742, College Park, Md.

    Ho Jung Paik

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To speed up publication, the author of this paper has agreed to not receive the proofs for correction.

Work partly supported by the National Science Foundation.

The original manuscript of this paper was attached as an appendix to a research proposal to the National Science Foundation (December 1978) and copies of the preprints distributed in January 1979.

Traduzione a cura della Redazione.

Перевебено ребакцией.

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Paik, H.J. Design of a resonant gravitational-wave detector with quantum-limited sensitivity. Nuov Cim B 55, 15–36 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02728373

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02728373

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