Summary
Cosmic-ray muon interactions have been studied in an analysis of very recent measurements of cosmic-ray muons at sea-level and large depths underground and underwater. By starting with the very carefully measured vertical muon spectra at sea-level and with the accurately computed values of energy loss rate in rock and water, the integral muon intensities, expected at depths for which absolute data have been recently available, are derived and compared with the observed intensities down to a depth ∼10·103 Hg/cm2 (standard rock). The study does not indicate any inconsistency with expectations from recently improved theories up to a mean muon energy of about 40 TeV and any increase in photon-nucleon absorption cross-section above the adopted value of 125 μb per nucleon.
Riassunto
Si sono studiate le interazioni dei muoni dei raggi cosmici in un'analisi di misure molto recenti dei muoni dei raggi cosmici a livello del mare e a grandi profondità nel sottosuolo e sott'acqua. Partendo dagli spettri verticali dei muoni, misurati molto attentamente a livello del mare, e con i valori accuratamente calcolati dell'entità di perdite di energia nella roccia e nell'acqua, si sono derivate le intensità integrali dei muoni, prevedibili a profondità per le quali i dati assoluti sono da poco tempo disponibili, e si sono confrontati con le intensità osservate fino a una profondità di ∼10·103 Hg/cm2 (roccia standard). L'analisi non indica alcun disaccordo con i valori attesi secondo teorie recentemente migliorate fino a un'energia media del muone di 40 TeV e nemmeno alcun aumento nella sezione d'urto di assorbimento fotone-nucleone al di sopra del valore adottato di 125 microbarn per nucleone.
Резюме
Исследуются взаимодействия мюонов космических лучей, производя анализ недавно проведенных измерений мюонов космических лучей на уровне моря и на больших глубинах под землей и под водой. Используя очень точно измеренные вертикальные мюонные спектры на уровне моря и точно вычисленные значения энергетических потерь в скалах и воде, определяются интегральные мюонные интенсивности на глубинах, для которых недавно были получены абсолютные данные. Полученные интенсивности сравниваются с наблюденными интенсивностями на глубине до ∼10·103 Hg/cm2. Проведенное исследование не обнаруживает каких-либо расхождений с предсказаниями недавних теорий вплоть до средних энергий мюона 40 ТэВ. Также обнаружено увеличение поперечного сечения фотоядерного поглощения выше принятой величины 125 микробарн на нуклон.
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Paul, C.R., Chaudhuri, N. High-energy cosmic-ray muons at ground level and below ground level. Nuovo Cim B 37, 35–44 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02727955
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02727955