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Mechanical interpretation of shifts in total reflection of spinning particles

Механическая интерпретация сдвига в полном отражении «вращающихся» частиц

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Il Nuovo Cimento B (1971-1996)

Summary

A simple derivation of the shifts occurring in total reflection is presented by means of the relativistic dynamics of spinning extended structures or spinning particles. This analysis is consonant with remarks due to von Laue and to works by various authors on the dynamics of spinning particles. In the case of total reflection at a plane interface, one speaks of the longitudinal, or Goos-Hänchen's, and of the transverse, or Imbert's, shifts. These are in a one-to-one association with the observations of the so-called tangential and sagittal focal lines of geometrical optics. When the quanta associated with the waves have nonzero spin, these focal lines possess a fine structure displaying a set of orthogonal-polarization eigenstates. This has been experimentally demonstrated in the total reflection of light beams. Here we extend our previous theory (given for the case of light) by merely interpreting the formulae recently derived by Fradkin and Kashuba for the total reflection of a Dirac electron.

Riassunto

Si presenta una semplice derivazione degli spostamenti che avvengono nella riflessione totale usando la dinamica relativistica delle struttura estese con spin o delle particelle con spin. Questa analisi concorda con i commenti dovuti a van Laue e con i lavori di numerosi autori sulla dinamica delle particelle con spin. Nel caso della riflessione totale in un'interfaccia piana, si parla degli spostamenti longitudinali, o di Goos-Hänchen, e di quelli trasversali, o di Imbert. Questi sono associati uno a uno con le osservazioni delle cosiddette linee focali tangenziali e sagittali dell'ottica geometrica. Quando i quanti associati alle onde hanno spin non nulli, queste linee focali posseggono una struttura fine che mostra un insieme di autostati di polarizzazione ortogonale. Questo fatto è stato dimostrato sperimentalmente nella riflessione totale dei raggi di luce. Si estende qui la nostra teoria precedente (data per il caso della luce) interpretando semplicemente le formule dedotte recentemente da Fradkin e Kashuba per la riflessione totale di un elettrone di Dirac.

Резюме

Предлагается простой вывод сдвигов, возникающих в полном отражении, используя релятивистскую динамику вращающихся протяженных структур или «вращающихся» частиц. Этот анализ соответствует замечаниям фон Лауэ и работам различных авторов по динамике «вращающихся» частиц. В случае полного отражения на плоской поверхности говорят о продольных сдвигах или сдвигах Гуса-Хенкена и о поперечных сдвигах или сдвигах Имберта. Эти сдвиги один к одному соответствуют наблюдениям так называемых тангенциальных и сагиттальных фокальных линий геометрической оптики. Когда кванты, связанные с волнами, имеют ненулевой спин, эти фокальные линии обладают тонкой структурой, обнаруживающей систему ортогональных поляризационных собственных состояний. Указанное явление экспериментально наблюдалось при полном отражении световых пучков. В этой работе мы обобщаем нашу предыдущую теорию (развитую для случая света) для полного отражения дираковского электрона, интерпретируя формулы, недавно полученные Фрадкиным и Кашуба.

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Costa de Beauregard, O. Mechanical interpretation of shifts in total reflection of spinning particles. Nuov Cim B 36, 119–130 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02725231

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02725231

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