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The relativistic transformation law for the ideal-gas scale of temperature

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Il Nuovo Cimento B (1971-1996)

Summary

We discuss the physical meaning of the concept of temperature with regard to the situation in which two inertial frames are in a state of uniform relative motion. Using the «asynchronous» formulation of Cavalleri and Salgarelli we describe a simple experiment using a constant-volume gas termometer at rest with a body to show that the ideal-gas scale is Lorentz invariant. The statement that thermodynamic temperature is Lorentz invariant is then equivalent to the requirement that the thermodynamic temperature scale and the ideal-gas scale should be identical in all frames of reference.

Riassunto

Si discute il significato fisico del concetto di temperatura rispetto alla situazione in cui due sistemi inerziali sono in stato di moto relativo uniforme. Usando la formulazione «asincrona» di Cavalleri e Salgarelli, si descrive un semplice esperimento usando un termometro a gas a volume costante, in riposo con un corpo, per mostrare che la scala del gas ideale è invariante secondo Lorentz. L'asserzione che la temperatura termodinamica è invariante secondo Lorentz è quindi equivalente all'esigenza che la scala termodinamica delle temperature e quella del gas ideale debbano essere identiche in tutti i sistemi di riferimento.

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Goodinson, P.A., Luffman, B.L. The relativistic transformation law for the ideal-gas scale of temperature. Nuov Cim B 60, 81–88 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02723069

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02723069

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