Abstract
In this paper, a novel aperture based on Tolardo concept composed of a central clear disc surrounded by a series of black and white (B/W) concentric annuli of equal transmittance is presented. Different apodized apertures of different number of B/W annuli are suggested in order to improve further the three-dimensional resolving power of confocal imaging systems. Both the axial and lateral point spread functions (PSF) and the corresponding irradiances are computed in both cases of conventional and confocal scanning microscopes for the above-mentioned amplitude filters. These results of axial and lateral irradiances are graphically represented by constructing a computer program using MATLAB. The obtained results are compared with that obtained in case of circular, annular, and Martinez-Corral apodized aperture
Similar content being viewed by others
References
CJR Sheppard and A Choudhary,Opt. Acta 24, 1051 (1977)
CJR Sheppard and T Wilson,J. Microscopy 114, 179 (1978)
T Wilson,Appl. Phys. 22, 119 (1980)
CJR Sheppard,Optik 48, 329 (1977)
CJR Sheppard and T Wilson,Opt. Acta 25, 315 (1978)
A M Hamed,Opt. Laser Technol. 22, 137 (1990)
A M Hamed,Opt. Laser Technol. 29, 93 (1997)
J D Gaskill,Linear systems, Fourier transform and optics (Wiley, New York, 1978)
J W Goodmann,Introduction to Fourier optics and holography (McGraw-Hill Co., New York, 1968)
R N Bracewell,Fourier transform and its applications (McGraw-Hill Co, New York, 1966)
J J Clair and A M Hamed,Optik 64, 133 (1983)
A M Hamed and J J Clair,Optik 64, 277 (1983)
A M Hamed and J J Clair,Optik 65, 209 (1983)
A M Hamed,Opt. Laser Technol. 16, 93 (1984)
A M Hamed,Optik 107, 161 (1998)
CJR Sheppard and Z S Hegedus,J. Opt. Soc. Am. A5, 643 (1988)
G Toraldo di Francia,Atti Fond. Giorgio Ronchi 7, 366 (1952)
Z S Hegedus and V Sarafis,J. Opt. Soc. Am. A3, 1892 (1986)
T R M Sales and G M Morris,J. Opt. Soc. Am. A14, 1637 (1997)
T R M Sales and G M Morris,Opt. Commun. 156, 227 (1998)
CJR Sheppard, G Calvert and M Wheatland,J. Opt. Soc. Am. A15, 849 (1998)
H Wang and F Gan,Appl. Opt. 40, 5668 (2001)
M Martinez-Corral, M T Caballero, E H K Stelzer and J Swonger,Opt. Express 10, 98 (2002)
C M Blanc and S W Hell,Opt. Express 10, 893 (2002)
L Cheng and G G Siu,Meas. Sci. Technol. 2, 198 (1991)
G G Siu, L Cheng and K S Chang,J. Phys. D27, 459 (1994)
O Hanselman and B Littlefield,Mastering MATLAB 5 edited by M Horton (Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, 1998) Ch. 22, p. 238
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hamed, A.M. Computation of the lateral and axial point spread functions in confocal imaging systems using binary amplitude mask. Pramana - J Phys 66, 1037–1048 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02708457
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02708457