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The effects of human capital and R&D upon International trade flows: Evidence from a multi-input, multi-output model for the United States

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Zusammenfassung

Die Auswirkungen von Humankapital und F&E auf die internationalen Handelsströme: Evidenz aus einem Modell mit mehreren Inputs und Outputs für die USA. - In diesem Aufsatz wird ein Modell mit mehreren Inputs und Outputs entwickelt, um den Au▾enhandelssektor der amerikanischen Volkswirtschaft zu untersuchen. Da es sowohl Humankapital als auch F&E auf der Produktionsseite einer offenen Volkswirtschaft modelliert, hat dieses Modell mehrere Vorteile gegenüber früheren Studien, die wie üblich einen Produktionsproze▾ mit nur zwei Inputs verwenden. Die empirischen Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, da▾ Exportgüter humankapital- und Investitionsgüter forschungsintensiv sind. Au▾erdem ergibt sich, da▾ Erhöhungen des Humankapitals und der F&E-ausgaben zu einem Anstieg der Importe beitragen. Diese Ergebnisse haben weitreichende Implikationen für die Gestaltung sowohl der heimischen Industriepolitik als auch der internationalen Handelspolitik.

Résumé

Les effets du capital humain et de la R&D sur les flux de commerce international: évidence d’un modèle multi-input, multi-output pour les Etats Unis. - Dans cet article l’auteur formule un modèle multi-output, multi-input pour étudier le secteur étranger de l’économie américaine. L’approche de modeler le capital humain et la R&D dans le secteur de production en contexte d’une économie ouverte possède plusieurs avantages vis-à-vis des autres études antérieures qui utilisent seulement le processus de production conventionnel à deux input. Les résultats empiriques suggèrent que des exportations sont intensives en capital humain et que les biens d’investissement sont intensifs en R&D. De plus, il est démontré que les accroissements en capital humain et R&D contribuent à l’accroissement des importations. Ces résultats ont des conséquences importantes pour la formulation de la politique d’industrie et de la politique commerciale.

Resumen

Los efectos del capital humano y de I&D sobre el comercio internacional: evidencia empfrica de un modelo de varios insumos y productos de los EE UU. - En este trabajo se présenta un modelo con varios productos e insumos para estudiar el sector externo de la economfa de los EE UU. Modelar el capital humano y el gasto en I&D como parte del sector productivo de una economfa abierta tiene varias ventajas frente a estudios previos que solo consideran un proceso de producciön con dos insumos. Los resultados empiricos sugieren que las exportaciones son intensivas en capital humano y que bienes de capital son intensivos en I&D. Ademas, se encuentra que un nivel mas alto de capital humano e I&D contribuira a un aumento en las importaciones. Estos resultados tienen efectos importantes para del diseno de polfticas industriales y comerciales.

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Authors
  1. Evangelos N. Charos
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  2. Evangelos O. Simos
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Charos, E.N., Simos, E.O. The effects of human capital and R&D upon International trade flows: Evidence from a multi-input, multi-output model for the United States. Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv 124, 701–712 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02707771

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