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Corporatism, technological gaps and growth in oecd countries

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Summary

The main purpose of the present approach is to empirically demonstrate that the hypothesis "the corporatist economies have outperformed others in the 1970s" should be qualified. To do so, it is first necessary to account for the impact of technological catch-up processes which after World War II in Western industrial countries have been of central importance. Since the then existing technological gaps have narrowed in the course of time, catching-up potentials also have decreased, and thus economic growth.

The analysis of corporatism led to the hypothesis that economies which are competitively organized have done as well as the corporatist economies. The true losers being those countries which are neither characterized by a high degree of national consensus nor by a highly competitive structure. The empirical results support this hypothesis for the 1970s when large supply shocks and monetary disturbances hit the world economy.

Zusammenfassung

Korporativismus, technologische Lücken und Wachstum in OECD-Ländern. - In dieser Untersuchung wird empirisch gezeigt, daß das Wirtschaftswachstum in den Industrieländern in den sechziger und siebziger Jahren eine Funktion von technologischen und institutionellen Faktoren war. Unter Berücksichtigung technologischer Aufholprozesse führt die Analyse des Korporativismus zu der These, daß die wettbewerblich organisierten Länder zumindest ebenso schnell gewachsen sein dürften wie die korporativistischen Volkswirtschaften, während die eigentlichen Verlierer jene Länder sind, die weder durch ein hohes Maß an nationaler übereinstimmung noch durch eine stark wettbewerblich ausgerichtete Struktur gekennzeichnet sind. Die empirischen Ergebnisse stützen diese Thesen für die siebziger Jahre, in denen die Weltwirtschaft starken angebotsbedingten Veränderungen und monetären Störungen ausgesetzt war.

Résumé

Corporativisme, «technological gap» et croissance dans les pays OCDE. - Dans cet article, l’auteur démontre empiriquement que la croissance en pays industriels dans les années soixante et soixante-dix était une fonction des facteurs technologiques et institutionnels. En considérant les processus technologiques «catching-up», l’analyse menait à l’hypothèse que des pays organisés compétitivement auraient eu au moins la mÊme performance que les économies corporativistes. Les vrais perdants seraient les pays qui n’étaient pas caractérisés ni par un haut degré de consensus national ni par des structures strictement compétitives. Les résultats empiriques supportent ces hypothèses pour les années soixante-dix quand des grands chocs et des perturbances monétaires touchaient l’économie mondiale.

Resumen

Corporativismo, brecha tecnológica y crecimiento en los países de la OECD. - En este trabajo se demuestra empíricamente que el crecimiento de los países industrializados en los años sesenta y setenta se debe a factures tecnológicos e institucionales. Tomando en cuenta el impacto del proceso de alcanzar la frontera tecnológica se deriva la tesis que países en los cuales rige la competencia deberfan haberse desarrollado al menos a la par de los países corporativistas. Los países rezagados serfan aquellos que no se caracterizan ni por un alto grado de consenso nacional ni por estructuras competitivas. Los resultados apoyan la tesis para los años setenta, cuando la economía mundial sufrió importantes shocks de oferta y problemas monetarios.

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Heitger, B. Corporatism, technological gaps and growth in oecd countries. Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv 123, 463–473 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02707755

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02707755

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