Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Modelling and simulation of a local solar still

  • Published:
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Presented here is a mathematical model study of a prototype solar still built at Jug Island near Gunsan City. A pair of ODE was solved numerically with auxiliary equations to demonstrate that the predicted water productivity was in good agreement with experimental values. Monthly average water absorptance was the major factor that influnced the solar still performence.It was also found that the initial water depth the degree of insulation and the ambient temperature had significant influnce upon the water productivity whereas the wind velocity, the cover slope and the still orientation exhibited and the still negligible effects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

Ag :

surface area of cover, m2

Au :

surface area of saline water m2

Cg :

area specifice heat of cover, cal/m2 ℴC

Cu :

specific heat of saline water, cal/m2 ℴC

Fs :

shape facter of a still

hb :

local heat transfer coefficient to ground and side wall cal/m2 ℴC

hga :

convective heat transfer coefficient to the air, cal/m2hr ℴC

Hi :

solar radiation, cal/m2hr

Ht :

daily solar radiation, cal/m2day

hw :

latent heat of vaporization, cal/g

K:

extinction coefficient of the cover material, cm1

m:

mass of the saline water in unit area g/m2

Pg :

partial pressure of water vapor at cover temp, atm

Pu :

partial pressure of water vapor at sahne water temp atm

Qb :

ground and side wall heat losses cal/m2hr

Qca :

convective heat flux from the cover cal/m2hr

Qca :

convective heat flux from sahne water, cal/m2hr

Qem :

water production rate, liter/m2hr

Qeu :

evaporative heat flux from saline water, cal/m2hr

Qra :

radiative heat flux from the cover cal/m2hr

Qru :

radiative heat flux from saline water cal/m2hr

R:

refractive index of the cover material

s:

cover thickness cm

t:

time, hr

ts :

time from sunrise to sunset hr

T:

temperature, K

Ta :

ambient temperature, ℴC

Tg :

cover temperature, ℴC

Tu:

saline water temperature, "C

V:

interniittency factor

W:

wind velocity, m/sec

α:

angular absorptance of saline water

α g :

cover absorptance

α u :

water absorptance

ε g :

emissivity of the cover

θ :

angle of incidence, degree

ρ d :

reflectance

ρ :

diffuse reflectance

σ :

Stefan Boltzmann constant

References

  1. Frick, G. and Hirschmann, J.:Solar Energy,14, 405 (1973)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Eibling, J.A., Talbert S.G. and Löf, G.O.G:Solar Energy,17, 375(1975).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Löf, G.O.G., Eibling, J. and Bloemer, J.W.,AIChE J.,7, 641 (1961)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Cooper, P.I.,Solar Energy,12, 333 (1969)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Cooper, P.I.,Solar Energy,15, 205 (1973)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Cooper, P.I.,Solar Energy,12, 313 (1969)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Cooper, P,I.,Solar Energy,14,451(1973)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Cooper, P.I., and Reed W.R.W.,Solar Energy,16, 1 (1979)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Malik, M.S.A. and vanVi Tran,Solar Energy,14, 371 (1973)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Morse, R.N. and Read, W.R.W. Solar Energy, 12,5 (1968)

  11. Sdtcunanathan, S and Hansen, H.P.,Solar Energy, 14, 353 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Sayign, A.A.M., ‘Solar Energy Engineering’, Academic Press, New York (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Soliman, S.H.,Solar Energy,13,403(1972)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Cooper, P.I.,Solar Energy,13, 373 (1972)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. The third interim report on integrated research programme for rural development technology, KIST Report, Seoul, 1980

  16. Duffie, J.A. and Beckman, W.A., ‘Solar Energy Thermal Processes’, Wiley, New York, 1974

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea

    Byung Jun Yoon, Hyun-Ku Rhee & Won-Hoon Park

Authors
  1. Byung Jun Yoon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hyun-Ku Rhee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Won-Hoon Park
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Yoon, B.J., Rhee, HK. & Park, WH. Modelling and simulation of a local solar still. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 3, 113–119 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02705022

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02705022

Keywords

Search

Navigation