Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Bioactive forms of gonadotropin releasing hormone in the brain of an Indian major carp,Catla catla (Ham.)

  • Published:
Journal of Biosciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Two forms of biologically active gonadotropin releasing hormones were isolated from the hypothalami ofCatla catla. Gonadotropin releasing hormone activity was studiedin vitro using enzymatically dispersed carp pituitary cell incubation system. Gonadotropin released into the medium was measured by carp gonadotropin-radio immuno assay. Acetic acid extracted hypothalamic material was subjected to acetone fractionation. Among the three protein pellets obtained at different time periods (ACI, ACII and ACIII), AC II exhibited the gonadotropin releasing hormone activity. Gel filtration of AC II through Sephadex G-25 column showed three protein peaks (SG I, SG II SGIII) and only S G II demonstrated strong gonadotropin releasing hormone activity. Elution of SG II through FPLC Mono Q column (an anion exchanger) in NaCl gradient programme showed one unadsorbed (MQ I) and three adsorbed (MQ II, MQ III and MQ IV) protein peaks. MQ III, which was eluted with 51% NaCl, exhibited gonadotropin releasing hormone activity. Surprisingly, unadsorbed fractions, MQ I, also showed gonadotropin releasing hormone activity. MQ 1 was therefore subjected to FPLC Mono S (a cation exchanger) column chromatography where a highly active gonadotropin releasing hormone enriched peak, i.e., MS III, could be eluted with 45% NaCl. These findings show thatCatla catla hypothalamus has two forms of gonadotropin releasing hormones one anionic (carp gonadotropin releasing hormone I) and another cationic (carp gonadotropin releasing hormone II). These two forms of gonadotropin releasing hormones were also active in heterologous carp species, rohu(Labeo rohita), mrigal(Cirrhinus mrigala) and an exotic common carp(Cyprinus carpio). Combined activity of two forms of gonadotropin releasing hormones was significantly greater as compared to any of the single form.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

GnRH:

Gonadotropin releasing hormone

GtH:

Gonadotropin

cGtH:

carp GtH

MEM:

minimum essential medium

mGnRH:

mammalian GnRH

References

  • Banerjee P P, Bhattacharya S and Nath P 1989 Purification and properties of pituitary gonadotropic hormone from Indian teleost. Fresh water murrelChanna punctatus and carpCatla catla;Gen Comp. Endocrinol. 73 118–128

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barnett F H, Sohn J, Reichlin S and Jackson I M D 1982 Three luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone like substances in a teleost fish brain: none identical with the mammalian LH-RH decapeptide;Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1051 209–216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya S, Manna P R, Halder S and Jamaluddin Md 1990 Requirement of extracellular calcium in gonadotropin releasing hormone action; inProg. Comp. Endocrinol, (eds) A Epple, S G Scanes and M H Stetson (New York: Wiley-Liss) pp 572–577

    Google Scholar 

  • Burgus R, Butcher M, Amoss M, Ling N, Monahan M, Rivier J, Fellows R, Blackwell R, Vale W and Guillemin R 1972 Primary structure of the ovine hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF);Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 69 278–282

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jamaluddin Md, Banerjee P P, Manna P R and Bhattacharya S 1989 Requirement of extracellular calcium in fish pituitary gonadotropin release by gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone;Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 74 190–198

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • King J A and Millar R P 1982a Structure of chicken hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone. I. Structural determination on partially purified material;J. Biol. Chem. 257 10722–10728

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • King J A and Millar R P 1982b Structure of chicken hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone. II. Isolation and characterization;J. Biol. Chem. 257 10729–10732

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lovejoy D A, Fischer W H, Ngamvongchon S, Craig A G, Nahorniak C S, Peter R E, Rivier J E and Sherwood N M 1992 Distinct sequence of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in dogfish brain provides insight into GnRH evolution;Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89 6373–6377

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lovejoy D A, Sherwood N M, Fischer W H, Jackson B C, Rivier J E and Lee T 1991 Primary structure of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the brain of a holocephalan (rat fishHydrolagus colliei);Gen Comp. Enodocrinol. 82 152–161

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lowry O H, Rosebrough N J, Farr A L and Randall R J 1951 Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent;J. Biol. Chem. 193 265–275

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manna P R, Banerjee P P and Bhattacharya S 1989 Homologous radioimmunoassay and radioreceptorassay of gonadotropic hormone for an Indian carpCatla catla;Indian J. Exp. Biol. 27 399–403

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matsuo H, Baba Y, Nair R M G, Arimura A and Schally A V 1971 Structure of the porcine LH- and FSH-releasing hormone. I. The proposed amino acid sequence;Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 43 1334–1339

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miyamoto K, Hasegawa Y, Minegishi T, Nomura M, Takashashi Y, Igarashi M, Kangawa K and Matsuo H 1982 Isolation and characterization of chicken hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone;Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 107 820–827

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miyamoto K, Hasegawa Y, Igarashi M, Chino N, Sakakibara S, Kangawa K and Matsuo H 1983 Evidence that chicken hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone is [Gln8]-LH-RH;Life Sci. 32 1341–1347

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mukhopadhyay B, Biswas R and Bhattacharya S 1994 Gonadotropin releasing hormone stimulation of pituitary cell 3’–5’ cyclic AMP in a carp(Cyprinus carpio) is dependent on extracellular calcium;J. Biosci. 19 283–290

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mukhopadhyay B, Biswas R and Bhattacharya S 1995 Gonadotropin releasing hormone stimulation of cyclic 3’,5’-AMP in the pituitary cell of a teleost(Channa punctatus, Bloch) requires extracellular calcium: its relationship to gonadotropin release;Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 97 353–365

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sherwood N, Eiden L, Brownstein M, Spiess J, Rivier J and Vale W 1983 Characterization of a teleost gonadotropin-releasing hormone;Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80 2794–2798

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sherwood N M, Harvey B, Browstein M J and Eiden L E 1984 Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in stripped mullet(Mugil cephalus), milkfish(Chanos chanos) and Rainbow trout(Salmo gairdneri); comparison with salmon GnRH;Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 55 174–181

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sherwood N M, De Leeuw R and Goos H 1989 A new member of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone family in teleosts: catfish gonadotropin-releasing hormone;Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 75 427–436

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sower S A, Chiang Y-C, Lovas S and Conlon J M 1993 Primary structure and biological activity of a third gonadotropin-releasing hormone from Lamprey brain;Endocrinology 132 1125–1131

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, Visva Bharati University, 731 235, Santiniketan, India

    S. Halder, P. Roy, A. Chatterjee & S. Bhattacharya

Authors
  1. S. Halder
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. P. Roy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. Chatterjee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. S. Bhattacharya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Halder, S., Roy, P., Chatterjee, A. et al. Bioactive forms of gonadotropin releasing hormone in the brain of an Indian major carp,Catla catla (Ham.). J. Biosci. 20, 551–561 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02703537

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02703537

Keywords

Search

Navigation