Abstract
Surface gravity waves have been used to probe flows in the two megameters beneath the photosphere using the techniques of timedistance helioseismology. The results suggest that supergranule velocities are smaller than at the surface. The outward flow outside a sunspot penumbra (the moat) is observed, as is an inward flow in the region beyond the moat.
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Gizon, L., Duvall, T.L. & Larsen, R.M. Seismic tomography of the near solar surface. J Astrophys Astron 21, 339–342 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02702420
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02702420