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A behavioral link between the oculomotor and cardiovascular systems

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Abstract

Although the eyes and the heart serve very different purposes, each receives autonomic innervation. Capitalizing on recent theoretical and technological innovations in the understanding and assessment of oculomotor and cardiovascular behavior, three experiments measured behavioral covariation between the oculomotor and cardiovascular systems. Measures of dark focus and dark vergence indexed oculomotor tone, and the spectral decomposition of variations in heart rate indexed cardiovascular control mechanisms. In Experiment 1, individual differences in cardiovascular parameters could predict individuals’ dark vergence (R2=.806) but not their dark focus (R2=.404). In Experiment 2, the same parameters were measured from subjects who experience either panic attacks (n=11) or blood phobia (n=9). Heart rate was positively correlated with dark vergence and the two subject groups were separable based on both oculomotor and cardiovascular variables. Using a within-subjects approach, Experiment 3 found that both dark vergence and dark focus tended to be nearer during sympathetic dominance of the heart than during parasympathetic dominance, within-subjects variations in cardiovascular parameters could predict dark focus, and between-subjects variations in interbeat intervals could predict dark vergence. Shared patterns of autonomic activation may be responsible for this eye-heart link.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Clemson University, 418 Brackett Hall, 29634-1511, Clemson, SC

    Richard A. Tyrrell Ph.D.

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO

    Julian F. Thayer

  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA

    Bruce H. Friedman

  4. Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA

    Herschel W. Leibowitz

  5. Department of Psychology, The University of Richmond, Richmond, VA

    Ellie L. Francis

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  1. Richard A. Tyrrell Ph.D.
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  2. Julian F. Thayer
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  3. Bruce H. Friedman
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  4. Herschel W. Leibowitz
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  5. Ellie L. Francis
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Correspondence to Richard A. Tyrrell Ph.D..

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Tyrrell, R.A., Thayer, J.F., Friedman, B.H. et al. A behavioral link between the oculomotor and cardiovascular systems. Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science 30, 46–67 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02691389

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