Skip to main content
Log in

Grievance initiation: A literature survey and suggestions for future research

  • Articles
  • Published:
Journal of Labor Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The correlates of grievance initiation are described within the context of categories of relevant factors suggested by the literature. The categories include environmental, management, union, union-management interaction, and employee factors. In the environmental category, the literature indicates that technology effects provide substantial promise for the explanation of grievances. Several important correlates of grievance activity are described in each of the other categories. Suggested methodological improvements for future research include expanded sets of control variables, multiple industry data sets, greater attention to grievance types, and the use of causal analytical techniques in longitudinal studies. Future research should provide a better understanding of the effects of several variables, including technology, methods of grievance resolution, workgroup cohesion, and fair representation requirements. It should also identify relationships that are specific to different issues.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Allen, Robert E. and Timothy J. Keaveny. “Factors Differentiating Grievants and Nongrievants.”Human Relations 38 (1985): 519–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ash, Philip. “The Parties to the Grievance.”Personnel Psychology 23 (1970): 13–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Begin, James P. “The Private Grievance Model in the Public Sector.”Industrial Relations 10 (February 1971): 21–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • _____ and William M. Weinberg. “Dispute Resolution in Higher Education.” InNew Techniques in Labor Dispute Resolution, ed. Howard J. Anderson. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of National Affairs, 1976, pp. 81–121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Breslin, P. H. “Discussion.”Proceedings of the Industrial Relations Research Association. Madison, WI: IRRA, 1981, pp. 329–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Callaway, Robert J. “Refurbishing the Grievance Procedure Under Collective Bargaining.”Proceedings of the Industrial Relations Research Association. Madison, WI: IRRA, 1984, pp. 481–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chalmers, W. E. et al.Labor-Management Relations in Illini City. Champaign: University of Illinois, 1954.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crane, Bertram R. and Robert M. Hoffman.Successful Handling of Labor Grievances. New York: Central Book Company, 1956.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalton, Dan R. and William D. Todor. “Antecedents of Grievance Filing Behavior: Attitude/Behavioral Consistency and the Union Steward.”Academy of Management Journal 25 (March 1982): 158–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • _____. “Grievances Filed and Role of Union Steward vs. Rank and File Member: An Empirical Test.”International Review of Applied Psychology 30 (April 1981): 199–207.

    Google Scholar 

  • _____. “Unanticipated Consequences of Union-Management Cooperation: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis,”Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 20 (1984): 253–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dean, Lois R. “Union Activity and Dual Loyalty.”Industrial and Labor Relations Review 7 (July 1954): 519–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Derber, Milton, W. E. Chalmers, Milton T. Edelman, and Harry C. Triandis.Plant Union-Management Relations: From Practice to Theory. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois, 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eckerman, Arthur C. “An Analysis of Grievances and Aggrieved Employees in a Machine Shop and Foundry.”Journal of Applied Psychology 32 (1948): 255–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feldacker, Bruce S.Labor Guide to Labor Law. Reston, Virginia: Reston Publishing Co., 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feuille, Peter and Hoyt N. Wheeler. “Will the Real Industrial Conflict Please Stand Up?” InU.S. Industrial Relations 1950–1980: A Critical Assessment, ed. Jack Steiber, Robert B. McKersie, and D. Quinn Mills. Madison, WI: Industrial Relations Research Association, 1981, pp. 255–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleishman, Edwin A. and Edwin F. Harris. “Patterns of Leadership Behavior Related to Employee Grievances and Turnover.”Personnel Psychology 15 (Spring 1962), 43–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fleming, R. W. and Edwin E. Witte. “Grievances Under the Collective Agreement.” InUnions and Union Leadership, ed. Jack Barbash. New York: Harper, 1959, pp. 226–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gandz, Jeffrey. “Grievance Initiation and Resolution — A Test of a Behavioural Theory.”Relations Industrielles 34 (November 1979): 778–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • _____ and J. David Whitehead. “The Relationship Between Industrial Relations Climate and Grievance Initiation and Resolution.”Proceedings of the Industrial Relations Research Association. Madison, WI: IRRA, 1981, pp. 320–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardiner, Glenn.When Foreman and Steward Bargain. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1945.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glassman, Alan M. and James A. Belasco. “The Chapter Chairman and School Grievances.”Industrial Relations 14 (May 1975): 233–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, Stephen B. and Jeanne M. Brett. “An Experiment in the Mediation of Grievances.”Monthly Labor Review 106 (March 1983): 23–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldstein, Bernard. “The Perspective of Unionized Professonals.”Social Forces 27 (May 1959): 323–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, Michael E. and Sandra J. Miller. “Grievances: A Review of Research and Practice.”Personnel Psychology 37 (Spring 1984): 117–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gorman, Robert A.Basic Text on Labor Law, Unionization, and Collective Bargaining. St. Paul: West Publishing Company, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, Harry and Brian Heshizer. “The Effect of Contract Language on Low-Level Settlement of Grievances.”Labor Law Journal 30 (July 1979): 427–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haire, Mason, Edwin E. Ghiselli, and Lyman W. Porter.Managerial Thinking: An International Study. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heier, W. D. “Synthesizing the Job of the Front Line Union Man.”Personnel Journal 50 (October 1971): 784–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hines v.Anchor Motor Freight, Inc., 424 U.S. 554 (1976).

  • Hrebiniak, Lawrence G.Complex Organizations. St. Paul: West Publishing Company, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, Abbott.Making Grievances Procedures Work. Los Angeles: University of California, 1950.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kennedy, Van Dusen. “Grievance Negotiation.” InIndustrial Conflict, eds. Arthur Kornhauser, Robert Dubin, and Arthur Ross. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1954, pp. 280–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kissler, Gary D. “Grievance Activity and Union Membership: A Study of Governmental Employees.”Journal of Applied Psychology 62 (October 1977): 459–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knight, Thomas R. “Factors Affecting the Arbitration-Submission Rate.” Master’s Thesis, Cornell University, 1978.

  • Kuhn, James W. “Engineers and Their Unions.” InWhite-Collar Workers, eds. Albert A. Blum. New York: Random House, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  • _____.Bargaining in Grievance Settlement: The Power of Industrial Work Groups. New York: Columbia University Press, 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  • _____. “The Grievance Process.” InFrontiers of Collective Bargaining, ed. John T. Dunlop and Neil W. Chamberlain. New York: Harper and Row, 1967, pp. 252–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Labig, Chalmer E., Jr., and I. B. Helburn. “Union and Management Policy Influences on Grievance Initiation.”Journal of Labor Research 7 (Summer 1986): 269–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewin, David. “Empirical Measures of Grievance Effectiveness.”Proceedings of the Industrial Relations Association. Madison, WI: IRRA, 1984, pp. 491–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKersie, R. B. and W. S. Shropshire, Jr. “Avoiding Written Grievances: A Successful Program.”The Chicago Journal of Business 35 (April 1965): 135–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muchinsky, Paul M. and Mounawar A. Maassari. “Work Environment Effects on Public Sector Grievances.”Personnel Psychology 33 (Summer 1980): 403–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, Nels E. “Grievance Rates and Technology.”Academy of Management Journal 22 (December 1979): 810–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • _____ and Bernard C. Reiman. “Work Environment and Grievance Rates in a Manufacturing Plant.”Journal of Management 9 (Fall/Winter 1983): 145–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peach, David A. and E. Robert Livernash.Grievance Initiation and Resolution: A Study in Basic Steel. Boston: Harvard University Press, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peterson, Richard B. and David Lewin. “A Model for Research and Analysis of the Grievance Process.”Proceedings of the Industrial Relations Research Association. Madison, WI: IRRA, 1981, pp. 303–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pettefer, J.C. “Effective Grievance Administration.”California Management Review 13 (Winter 1970): 12–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Price, John, James Dewire, John Nowack, Kenneth Schenkel, and William Ronan. “Three Studies of Grievances.”Personnel Journal (January 1976): 33–37.

  • Purcell, Theodore V.The Worker Speaks His Mind. Boston: Harvard University Press, 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rabe, W. F. “Yardsticks for Measuring Personnel Department Effectiveness.”Personnel 44 (January–February 1967): 56–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ronan, W. W. “Work Group Attributes and Grievance Activity.”Journal of Applied Psychology 47:1 (1963): 38–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • _____ and Erich P. Prien. “An Analysis of Organizational Behavior and Organizational Performance.”Organizational Behavior and Human Performance 9 (January 1973): 78–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, Arthur M. “Distressed Grievance Procedures and Their Rehabilitation.” InLabor Arbitration and Industrial Change, ed. Mark L. Kahn. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of National Affairs, 1963, pp. 104–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sayles, Leonard R.Behavior of Industrial Work Groups. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1958.

    Google Scholar 

  • _____ and George Strauss.The Local Union. Rev. ed. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  • Selby, Rose T. and Maurice T. Cunningham. “Grievance Procedures in Major Contracts.”Monthly Labor Review 87 (October 1964), 1125–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, E. W. “Relationships Between Leadership Behavior Patterns and Organizational-Situational Variables.”Personnel Psychology 22 (1969): 489–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Slichter, Sumner H., James J. Healy, and E. Robert Livernash.The Impact of Collective Bargaining on Management. Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stagner, Ross. “Personality Variables in Union Management Relations.”Journal of Applied Psychology 46 (October 1962): 350–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • _____.Psychology of Industrial Conflict. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1956.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steele v.Louisville & N.R.R., 323 U.S. 192 (1944).

  • Sulkin, Howard A. and Robert W. Pranis. “Comparison of Grievants With Non-Grievants in a Heavy Machinery Company.”Personnel Psychology 20 (Summer 1967): 111–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomson, A. W. J. and V. V. Murray.Grievance Procedures. Westmead, Farnborough, Hants, England: Saxon House/Lexington Books, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner, James T. and James W. Robinson. “A Pilot Study of the Validity of Grievance Settlement Rates as a Predictor of Union-Management Relationships.”Journal of Industrial Relations 14 (September 1972): 314–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, Robert L. and James W. Robinson. “The First-Line Supervisor’s Role in the Grievance Procedure.”Arbitration Journal 32 (December 1977): 279–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walton, Richard E.The Impact of the Professional Engineering Union. Boston: Harvard University Press, 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whyte, William F.Pattern for Industrial Peace. New York: Harper, 1951.

    Google Scholar 

  • _____. “Patterns for Interactions in Union Management Relations.” InReadings in Industrial Sociology, ed. William A. Faunce. New York: Appleton-Century-Crafts, 1967, pp. 511–24.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

The authors wish to acknowledge the assistance of Jack Fiorito, I. B. Helburn, Tim Keaveny, R. Dennis Middlemist, Robert C. Rodgers, and anonymous reviewers.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Labig, C.E., Greer, C.R. Grievance initiation: A literature survey and suggestions for future research. Journal of Labor Research 9, 1–27 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02685226

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02685226

Keywords

Navigation