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This paper is the third of three presented at annual EAIR Forums that are based on the author’s 1994–97 study of European entrepreneurial/innovative universities. The first paper, delivered at the 1994 Amsterdam meeting, appeared under the title of ‘Leadership and Innovation in Universities: From Theory to Practice’,Tertiary Education and Management 1, 1, 7–11. It presented the initial plan for the study and specified general topics to be explored. The second paper, delivered at the 1995 Zürich meeting, was published subsequently under the title of ‘Case Studies of Innovative Universities: A Progress Report’,TEAM 2, 1, 52–61. It reported the initiation of field research at five universities — University of Warwick (England), University of Twente (the Netherlands), University of Strathclyde (Scotland), Chalmers University of Technology (Sweden), University of Joensuu (Finland) — and specified some common pathways of transformation tentatively formulated from the first year of research. These elements were clarified in a second round of visits to the institutions during 1996. The present paper reports the study’s conclusions. It is drawn largely from the last chapter of a forthcoming book,Creating Entrepreneurial Universities: Organizational Pathways of Transformation (Oxford: Elsevier Science 1998).
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Clark, B.R. The entrepreneurial university: Demand and response. Tert Educ Manag 4, 5–16 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02679392
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02679392