Abstract
In this paper, we examine the effects of SPG, which is a well known BRM, both in vivo and in vitro on the neutrophilic ROS production and the serum opsonic activity by the chemiluminescence technique using luminol as a probe.
To investigate the in vivo effects, SPG was administered to 12 healthy male volunteers and two phases of enhancement of the neutrophilic ROS production and the serum opsonic activity were observed. In vitro, the addition of SPG showed a dose-dependent suppression. To investigate the mechanisms in these contradictory effects of SPG, supernatants of a lymphocytes culture medium in the presence of SPG with or without mitogen were added to the neutrophils. The addition of supernatants at a lower concentration of SPG (0.01 mg/ml) with mitogens showed significant preventive effects on the neutrophilic ROS production for the duration of incubation.
This suggests that cytokines derived from lymphocytes may contribute to the in vivo effects of SPG. SPG can play an important role in the host’s defense against microbe infections by enhancing it’s effect on non-specific immunity when administered in vivo
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- BRM:
-
biological response modifiers
- PH:
-
peak height
- PT:
-
peak time
- ROS:
-
reactive oxygen species
- SPG:
-
Sizofiran
References
Okamura K, Yajima A. Cervical cancer:Chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Int J Immunotherapy 1986; 2: 101–107.
Okamura K, Yajima A, Noda K. Adjuvant immunotherapy for cervical cancer. Two randomized controlled studies using OK-432 or Sizofiran. J Chemotherapy 1986; 4: 1222–1224.
Furue H. Biological characteristics and clinical effect of Sizofiran (SPG). Drugs of Today 1987; 23: 335–346.
Pyne DB. Regulation of neutrophil function during exercise. Sports Med 1994; 17: 245–258.
Babior BM, Kipnes RS, Curnutte JT. Biological defense mechanisms. The production by leukocytes of superoxide, a potential bactericidal agent. J Clin Invest 1973; 51: 741–744.
Andersen BR, Brendzel AM. Use of a unique chemilurninescence spectrometer in a study of factors influencing granulocyte light emission. J Immunol Meth 1978; 19: 279–287.
Kumae T, Sugawara K. A simultaneous multiple measurement system of neutrophil chemiluminescence. Acta Haematol Jpn 1987; 50: 949–957
Allen RC, Stjernholm RL, Steele RH. Evidence for the generation of an electronic excitation state(s) in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and its participation in bactericidal activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1972; 47: 679–684.
Allen RC, Loose LD. Phagocytic activation of a luminoldependent chemiluminescence in rabbit alveolar and peritoneal macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1976; 69: 245–252.
Kumae T, Sabur i Y, Nasu M, Misumi J, Kawata N. Effects of Cefbuperazone on the chemiluminescence of human neutrophils. Chemotherapy (Basel) 1989; 35: 260–266.
Yoneda K, Ueta E, Yamamoto T, Hirota J, Osaki T. Immunoregulatory effects of Sizofiran (SPG) on head and neck cancer patients. Biotherapy 1990; 4: 955–961.
Cassatella MA, Cappelli R, Della Bianca V, Grzeskowiak M, Dusi S, Berton G. Interferon-gamma activates human neutrophil oxygen metabolism and exocytosis. Immunology 1986; 63: 499–506.
Taylor MB, Easmon CSF. The neutrophil chemiluminescence response to Pneumocystis carinii is stimulated by GM-CSF and gamma interferon. FEMS Microbiology Immunology 1986; 89: 41–44.
Inoue T, Sendo F. In vitro induction of cytotoxic polymorphonuclear leukocytes by supernatant from a concanavalin A-stimulated spleen cell culture. J Immunol 1983; 131: 2508–2514.
Sugawara I, Lee KC, Wong M. Schizophyllan (SPG)-treated macrophages and anti-tumor activities against syngenic and allogeneic tumor cells. I. Characteristics of SPG-treated macrophages. Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy 1986; 16: 137–144.
Matsuo T, Arika T, Mitani M. Pharmacological and toxicological studies of a new antitumor polysaccharide, Schizophyllan. Arzneim.Forsch./Drug Res 1982; 32(1): 647–656.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kumae, T., Saburi, Y. & Nasu, M. In vivo and in vitro effects of sizofiran on the human neutrophils and the serum opsonic activity. Biotherapy 10, 121–127 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02678539
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02678539