Abstract
Absolute regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured in ten healthy volunteers, using both dynamic susceptibility-contrast (DSC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Xe-133 SPECT within-4 h. After i.v. injection of Gd-DTPA-BMA (0.3 mmol/kg b.w.), the bolus was monitored with a Simultaneous Dual FLASH pulse sequence (1.5 s image), providing one slice through brain tissue and a second slice through the carotid artery. ConcentrationC(t)x − (1 TE) ln[S(t)/S(0)] was related to CBF asC(t)=CBF [AIF(t)⊗R(t)], where AIF is the arterial input function andR(t) is the residue function. A singular-value-decomposition-based deconvolution technique was used for retrieval ofR(t). Absolute CBF was given by Zierler’s area-to-height relation and the central volume principle. For elimination of large vessels (ELV), all MRI-based CBF values exceeding 2.5 times the mean CBF value of the slice were excluded. A correction for partial-volume effects (CPVE) in the artery used for AIF monitoring was based on registration of signal in a phantom with tubes of various diameters (1.5–6.5 mm), providing an individual concentration correction factor applied to AIF data registered in vivo. In the Xe-133 SPECT investigation, 3000–4000 MBq of Xe-133 was administered intravenously, and CBF was calculated using the Kanno-Lassen algorithm. When ELV and CPVE were applied. DSC-MRI showed average CBF values from the entire slice of 43±10 ml/(min 100 g) (small-artery AIF) and 48±17 ml (min 100 g) (carotid-artery AIF) (mean±S.D.,n=10). The corresponding Xe-133-SPECT-based CBF was 33±6 ml (min 100 g) (n=10). The relationships of CBF(MRI) versus CBF(SPECT) showed good linear correlation (r=0.74–0.83).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Rosen BR, Belliveau JW, Vevea JM, Brady TJ. Perfusion imaging with NMR contrast agents. Magn Reson Med 1990;14:249–65.
Rempp KA, Brix G, Wenz F, Becker CR, Gückel F, Lorenz WJ. Quantification of regional cerebral blood flow and volume with dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology 1994;193:637–41.
Lassen NA. Cerebral transit of an intravascular tracer may allow measurement of regional blood volume but not regional blood flow. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1984;4:633–4.
Vonken EPA, van Osch MJP, Bakker CJG, Viergever MA. Measurement of cerebral perfusion with dual-echo multi-slice quantitative dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 1999;10:109–17.
Müller TB, Jones RA, Haraldseth O, Westby J, Unsgård G. Comparison of MR perfusion imaging and microsphere measurements of regional cerebral blood flow in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Magn Reson Imaging 1996;14:1177–83.
Wittlich F, Kohno K, Mies G, Norris DG, Hoehn-Berlage M. Quantitative measurement of regional blood flow with gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate bolus track NMR imaging in cerebral infarcts in rats: validation with the iodo[14C]antipyrine technique. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995;92:1846–50.
Ernst T, Chang L, Itti L, Speck O. Correlation of regional cerebral blood flow from perfusion MRI and SPECT in normal subjects. Magn Reson Imaging 1999;17:349–54.
Østergaard L, Smith DF, Vestergaard-Poulsen P, Hansen SB, Gee AD, Gjedde A, Gyldensted C. Absolute cerebral blood flow and blood volume measured by magnetic resonance imaging bolus tracking: comparison with positron emission tomography values. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1998;18:425–32.
Østergaard L, Johannsen P, Høst-Poulsen P, Vestergaard-Poulsen P, Asboe H, Gee AD, Hansen SB, Cold GE, Gjedde A, Gyldensted C. Cerebral blood flow measurements by magnetic resonance imaging bolus tracking: comparison with [15O]H2O positron emission tomography in humans. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1998;18:935–40.
Hagen T, Bartylla K, Piepgras U. Correlation of regional cerebral blood flow measured by stable xenon CT and perfusion MRI. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1999;23:257–64.
Perman WH, Gado MH, Larson KB, Perlmutter JS. Simultaneous MR acquisition of arterial and brain signal-time curves. Magn Reson Med 1992;28:74–83.
Fisel CR, Ackerman JL, Buxton RB, Garrido L, Belliveau JW, Rosen BR, Brady TJ. MR contrast due to microscopically heterogeneous magnetic susceptibility: numerical simulations and applications to cerebral physiology. Magn Reson Med 1991;17:336–47
Press WH, Teukolsky SA, Vetterling WT, Flannery BP. Numerical Recipes in C, 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Wirestam R, Andersson L, Østergaard L, Bolling M, Aunola J-P, Lindgren A, Geijer B, Holtås S, Ståhlberg F. Assessment of regional cerebral blood flow by dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI using different deconvolution techniques. Magn Reson Med 2000;43:691–700.
Østergaard L, Weisskoff RM, Chesler DA, Gyldensted C, Rosen BR. High resolution measurement of cerebral blood flow using intravascular tracer bolus passages. Part I: mathematical approach and statistical analysis. Magn Reson Med 1996;36:715–25.
Smith AM, Grandin CB, Duprez T, Mataigne F, Cosnard G. Whole brain quantitative CBF and CBV measurements using MRI bolus tracking: comparison of methodologies. Magn Reson Med 2000;43:559–64.
Zierler KL. Equations for measuring blood flow by external monitoring of radioisotopes. Circ Res 1965;16:309–21.
Cenic A, Nabavi DG, Craen RA, Gelb AW, Lee T-Y. Dynamic CT measurement of cerebral blood flow: a validation study. Am J Neuroradiol 1999;20:63–73.
Lassen NA. Cerebral blood flow tomography with xenon-133. Semin Nucl Med 1985;15:347–56.
Kanno I, Lassen NA. Two methods for calculating regional cerebral blood flow from emission compured tomography of inert gas concentrations. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1979;3:71–6.
Leenders KL, Perani D, Lammertsma AA, Heather JD, Buckingham P, Healy MJR, Gibbs JM, Wise RJS, Hatazawa J, Herold S, Beaney RP, Brooks DJ, Spinks T, Rhodes C, Frackowiak RSJ, Jones T. Cerebral blood flow, blood volume and oxygen utilization. Brain 1990;113:27–47.
Weisskoff RM, Chesler D, Boxerman JL, Rosen BR. Pitfalls in MR measurement of tissue blood flow with intravascular tracers: which mean transit time? Magn Reson Med 1993;29:553–9.
Østergaard L, Sorensen AG, Kwong KK, Weisskoff RM, Gyldensted C, Rosen BR. High resolution measurement of cerebral blood flow using intravascular tracer bolus passages. Part II: experimental comparison and preliminary results. Magn Reson Med 1996;36:726–36.
Scholdei R, Wenz F, Rempp K, Schreiber W, Fuss M, Essig M, Brix G. Determination of the arterial input function (AIF) in dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI (DSC). In: Proceedings of the ISMRM 4th Annual Meeting, New York, 1996:1301.
Bandettini PA, Jesmanowicz A, Van Kylen J, Birn RM, Hyde JS. Functional MRI of brain activation induced by scanner acoustic noise. Magn Reson Med 1998;39:410–6.
Köstler H, Becker H. The value of gating and flow compensation for measurements of the arterial input function in dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI. MAGMA 1996;4(Suppl.):68.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02668651.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wirestam, R., Ryding, E., Lindgren, A. et al. Absolute cerebral blood flow measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI: a direct comparison with Xe-133 SPECT. MAGMA 11, 96–103 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02678472
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02678472