Abstract
The interaction of a small celestial body passing through the atmosphere of a planet is considered. Equations of aerodynamic deceleration of the body and condition of its fragmentation are obtained. It is shown that the fragmentation is a multistep process with steps separated in space and time. The model developed allows one to estimate the number of steps in fragmentation of the body, the number of fragments, their dimensions, parameters of motion, coordinates, and energy release into the atmosphere. The model is illustrated using the examples of interaction of a small celestial body and Comet Schoemaker-Levy 9 with the Earth's and Jupiter's atmospheres, respectively.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Clarc R. Chapmen, “Comet on target for Jupiter,”Nature,363, 492–493 (1993).
Yu. D. Medvedev, M. L. Sveshnikov, A. G. Sokol'skii, et al.,Asteroid-Cometary Hazard [in Russian], Inst. Teor. Astron., St. Petersburg (1996).
P. G. Kulikovskii,Handbook of the Amateur Astronomer [in Russian], GNTTL, Moscow (1953), p. 432.
Yu. D. Medvedev, M. L. Sveshnikov, A. G. Sokol'skii, et al.,Asteroid-Cometary Hazard [in Russian], Inst. Teor. Astron., St. Petersburg (1996).
E. Asphang and W. Benz, “Density of comet Schoemaker-Levy 9 deduced by modeling break up of the parent ‘rubble pile’,”Nature 370, 120–123 (1994).
A. G. Ivanov and V. A. Ryzhanskii, “Possible nature of the explosion of the Tunguska meteorite and the breakup of Comet Schoemaker-Levy,”Fiz. Gereniya Vzryva,3, No. 6, 117–124 (1995). [CorrectionFiz. Goreniya Vzryva,32, No. 3 (1996).]
V. P. Korobeinikov, V. I. Vlasov, and D. B. Volkov, “Modeling of fracture of celestial bodies moving in planetary atmospheres,”Mat. Model.,6, No. 8, 61–75 (1994).
S. S. Grigoryan, “Collision of Comet Schoemaker-Levy with Jupiter in July 1994,”Dokl. Ross. Akad. Nauk,338, No. 6, 752–754 (1994).
A. G. Ivanov, “Adequacy in describing fracture by computer calculations,” in:Vopr. Atom. Nauki. Tekh., Ser. Mat. Model. Fiz. Prots., No. 4, 85–88 (1996).
S. S. Grigoryan, “Motion and fracture of meteorites in planetary atmospheres,”Kosm. Issled.,17, No. 6, 875–893 (1979).
A. G. Ivanov and V. A. Ryzhanskii, “Analysis of the process of breakup of the Sikhote-Alin' meteorite from the viewpoint of fracture mechanics,”Astronom. Vestnik,32, No. 2, 1164–1168 (1998).
A. G. Ivanov, “Dynamic fracture and scaling effects,”Prikl. Mekh. Tekh. Fiz., No. 3, 116–131 (1994).
E. Jahnke, F. Emde, and F. Lösh,Tafeln Hhërer Funktionen, Teubuer, Stuttgart (1959).
V. E. Fortov, Yu. N. Gnedin, M. F. Ivanov, et al., “Impact of Comet Schoemaker-Levy 9: What we have seen,”Usp. Fiz. Nauk,166, No. 4, 391–422 (1996).
G. G. Vorob'ev,What Do You Know about Tektites? [in Russian], Nauka, Moscow (1966).
S. S. Grigoryan, F. S. Ibodov, and S. Ibadov, “The evolution of comets near the Sun. Comets of the Kreuts set,”Dokl. Ross. Akad. Nauk,354, No. 2, 187–189 (1997).
A. G. Sokol'skii, Yu. D. Medvedev, and E. A. Kozlov, “Comet Hale-Bopp: A very large comet or a dense pile of framents?,”Dokl. Ross. Akad. Nauk,350, No. 1, 42–44 (1996).
V. V. Shuvalova, M. A. Artem'eva, I. B. Kosarev, et al., “Numerical simulation of the bolide stage of the fall of Schoemaker-Levy 9 fragments on Jupiter,”Astron. Vestn.,31, No. 5, 441–449 (1997).
J. G. Hills and M. P. Goda, “Meteoroids captured into the Earth's orbit by grazing atmospheric encounters,”Planet Space Sci.,45, No. 5, 595–602 (1997).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Translated fromFizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 127–137, September–October 1999
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ivanov, A.G., Ryzhanskii, V.A. Fragmentation of a small celestial body entering the atmosphere of a planet. Combust Explos Shock Waves 35, 581–590 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02674506
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02674506