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Analysis of the temperature dependence of strain-hardening behavior in high- strength steel

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Abstract

The stress-strain data of a high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel were measured at different temperatures and analyzed in terms of strain-hardening laws proposed by Hollomon,[1] Ludwik,[2] Swift,[3] and Voce.[4] Four methods of analysis, as suggested by Kleemola and Nieminen (K-N),[7] Crussard and Jaoul (C-J),[16] Ramani and Rodriguez (R-R),[11] and Guimarães (G),[15] have been employed. The C-J analysis has been extended to the Voce equation for the first time. The results have been discussed in terms of the linear correlation coefficient and error in the estimation of uniform strain. The Voce equation has been found to describe the flow be-havior most accurately. The observed increase in flow stress in the dynamic strain aging (DSA) range has been explained in terms of temperature-dependent strain-hardening parameters. It has been established that with increase in the value of the Voce strain component, nv, the magnitude of the saturation stress approaches that of the ultimate tensile stress. A linear relationship has been established between ultimate tensile stress and saturation stress.

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Abbreviations

σ :

flow stress

ε:

accumulated strain in course of deformation

ε :

train rate

T :

temperature

K H, nH :

Hollomon parameters

σo :

flow stress at

nil :

plastic strain

K L, nL :

Ludwik parameters

εo, KS, nS :

Swift parameters

σs :

saturation stress

Kv, nv, σ1 :

Voce equation

σpl :

proportional limit stress

θo :

initial strain-hardening rate

K1L K2L :

Ludwigson constants

n1L, n2L Σ σ*L :

A*L Ramani-Rodriguez parameters employed in Ludwik relation

(Σ is:

mean in flow stress)

ε ε*, A*S :

Ramani-Rodriguez parameters employed in Swift relation

(ε is:

mean accumulated strain)

σ*v :

A*v Ramani-Rodriguez parameters employed in Voce equation

σu :

ultimate tensile strength

εu,relation :

uniform strain computed from a particular relation

εγ :

Luder or yield strain

σ ly :

lower yield strength

σ0.2 :

0.2 pct proof strength

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research and Development Centre for Iron and Steel, Steel Authority of India (SAIL), 834002, Ranchi, India

    N. S. Mishra (Principal Research Engineer), Sanak Mishra (Principal Research Manager) & V. Ramaswamy (General Manager)

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  2. Sanak Mishra
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Mishra, N.S., Mishra, S. & Ramaswamy, V. Analysis of the temperature dependence of strain-hardening behavior in high- strength steel. Metall Trans A 20, 2819–2829 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02670174

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