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A thermodynamic study of the molten Pb-Sn-Ag system

  • Physical Chemistry
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Abstract

Activity and partial free energy of mixing of tin in the molten Pb-Sn-Ag system were determined at 1073 K along three pseudobinary lines of fixedX Ag/X Pb ratios by the electromotive force method. The cell employed was Sn(l), SnO2(s)/Calcia stabilized zirconia/Sn(alloy), SnO2(s). Excess integral free energy of mixing (F Eter ) and the activities of lead and silver were calculated by the Darken’s method. The values when extrapolated toX Sn=0 agreed reasonably well with the literature data on the Pb-Ag binary. Error analysis revealed that the inconsistencies in the reported data arose as a result of the uncertainties inherently present in the integration and differentiation steps. A crosscheck onF Eter corroborated the above observation.F Eter were also calculated from the data on the bounding binaries by the method of Olson and Toop. Except in the silver-rich corner the predicted values were within 50 calories of those obtained from the experimental data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India

    K. P. Jagannathan (Senior Research Assistant) & A. Ghosh (Associate Professor)

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  1. K. P. Jagannathan
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  2. A. Ghosh
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Jagannathan, K.P., Ghosh, A. A thermodynamic study of the molten Pb-Sn-Ag system. Metall Trans 4, 1577–1583 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02668011

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02668011

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