Abstract
The concomitant reduction of SnCl2 and NbCl5 with hydrogen has been investigated for the production of NbSn2 upon static Nb substrates and upon fluidized Nb and Al2O3 seed particles. The maximum reaction temperature studied was 800°C since NbSn2 is not stable above 845°C. NbSn2 has been produced on niobium strip at 700°C from a vapor phase containing SnCl2 and NbCl5 of ratio 2.6:1. However, the same vapor phase, and ones containing a ratio of up to 5:1, SnCl2 to NbCl5, have been shown to yield only Nb3Sn upon fluidized particles over the temperature range 650 to 750°C. This observation is explained in terms of an enhanced vapor etching reaction that occurs with Nb seed particles and the inability to nucleate a tin-rich liquid phase, which appears to be necessary for the growth of NbSn2, upon the alumina seed particles.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A.R. Kauffmann, and J.J. Pickett:Bull. Amer. Phys. Soc., 1970, vol. 15, p. 838.
M. Suenaga, and W.B. Sampson:Appl. Phys. Lett., 1972, vol. 20, pp. 443–45.
M. Suenaga, O. Horigami, and T.S. Luhman:ibid, 1974, vol. 25, pp. 624–27.
J.D. Elen, C.A.M. van Beijnen, and C.A.M. van der Klein:I.E.E.E. Trans. Mag., 1977, vol. MAG-13, pp. 470–73.
C.A.M. van Beijnen, and J.D. Elen:ibid,, 1979, vol. MAG-15, pp. 87–90.
J.D. Elen, J.W. Schnikel, A.C.A. van Wees, C.A.M. van Beijnen, E.M. Hornsweid, T. Stahle, H.J. Veringa, and A. Verkaik:ibid,, 1981, vol. MAG-17, pp. 1002–05.
M. Suenaga, T.S. Luhman, and W.B. Sampson:J. Appl. Phys., 1974, vol. 45, pp. 4049–53.
H. Yorucu, and F.R. Sale:Acta Thermochim., 1982, vol. 53, pp. 147–60.
J.J. Hanak, K. Strater, and G.W. Cullen:RCA Rev., 1970, vol. 25, pp. 342–65.
J.P. Charlesworth, I. McPhail, and P.E. Madsen:J. Mater. Sci., 1970, vol. 5, pp. 580–603.
A. Olsen, and F.R. Sale:J. Mater. Sci., 1978, vol. 13, pp. 2157–63.
J.H. Oxley, G.H. Kesler, and I.E. Campbell:Chem. Eng. Progr. Symp. Ser. 1962, vol. 58 pp. 60–66.
J.M. Brear, and F.R. Sale:J. Less Common Metals, 1974, vol. 38, pp. 221–32.
B.W. Gonzer, and E.E. Slowter:The Coating of Metals with Tin from the Vapor Phase, Tech. Publn. Int. Tin Res. Dev. Council, New York, NY, 1938.
E. Fitzer, and D. Kehr:Proc. 4th Int. Conf. on Chem. Vap. Dep., The Electrochemical Society, Princeton, NJ, 1973, pp. 144–46.
Z.M. Shapiro: inThe Metallurgy of Zirconium, B. Lustman and F.H. Kerze Jr., eds., McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 1955, pp. 135–215.
L.P. Newkirk, F.A. Valencia, and T.C. Wallace:J. Electrochem. Soc., 1976, vol. 123, pp. 425–29.
H.H. Kellogg:Trans. AIME, 1950 vol. 188, pp. 862–72.
H. Schafer and F. Kahlenberg:Z. Anorg. Allgeman. Chemie, 1960, vol. 305, pp. 291–326.
Gmelin's Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1972, vols. 46 and 49.
D. Battat, M. M. Factor, and I. Garrett: inPreparation and Properties of Solid State Materials, W.R. Wilcox, ed., Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, NY, 1976, vol. 2, pp. 43–128.
J.M. Blocher Jr:J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 1974, vol. 11, pp. 680–86.
A. Olsen, and F.R. Sale:Metals Technol., 1980, vol. 7, pp. 494–501.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yorucu, H., Sale, F.R. The production of niobium-tin powders by vapor-deposition processes. Metall Trans B 13, 625–631 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02650020
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02650020