Abstract
The strain-hardening parameters of steel, copper and brass were determined by uniaxial and balanced biaxial tensile tests. The stress-strain relationship of steel was well described by the Hollomon equation while, the Voce equation was valid for copper and brass. Thus the use of then-value as a measure of strain-hardening ability is justified for steel only and uniform strains have to be used for copper and brass. The uniaxial and biaxialn-values of steel were found to be equivalent. However, the stress-strain relationships of copper and especially brass were observed to be stress-state dependent. Forming limit diagrams of the materials were constructed using hydraulic bulging and tensile tests. The FLDs were also calculated using the plastic instability conditions and the strain-hardening parameters determined.
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Kleemola, H.J., Ranta-Eskola, A.J. Comparison of the strain-hardening parameters of sheet metals in uniaxial and biaxial tension. Metall Trans A 7, 595–599 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02643973
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02643973