Abstract
The grain structure, inclusion content, and precipitate types were characterized for six heat treatments of a copper-bearing HSLA steel. A higher austenitizing temperature combined with water-quenching resulted in an acicular ferrite microstructure, while lower temperatures produced equiaxed ferrite or ferrite-pearlite structures. Refinement of equiaxed ferrite was observed in material austenitized at a high enough temperature to dissolve a portion of the carbonitrides, allowing reprecipitation during the austenite-ferrite transformation. Age-hardening precipitated body-centered cubic copper clusters; face-centered cubic copper precipitates were observed in overaged material.
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Miglin, M.T., Hirth, J.P., Rosenfield, A.R. et al. Microstructure of a quenched and tempered Cu-bearing high-strength low-alloy steel. Metall Trans A 17, 791–798 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02643854
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02643854