Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A New Procedure for Determining Volume Fraction of Primary Carbides in High-Speed and Related Tool Steels

  • Published:
Metallurgical Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A new analytical procedure was developed for estimating volume fractions of primary carbides in tool steels. The method utilizes electrolytic extraction of carbides, EDX analysis, and X-ray powder diffraction. Chemical compositions of individual carbide species are compared with the bulk carbide composition to find weight fractions of each species, and the volume fractions are calculated using the computed theoretical densities of the carbide species. Chemical composition and density of the matrix are also obtained as by-products of the procedure. The new procedure was successfully applied to AISI M2 high-speed steel and corresponding matrix tool steel in as-annealed and as-hardened conditions. It was shown that the etching process used in conventional metallography can cause overestimates of carbide volume fraction by 20 pct or more.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. F. Kayser and M. Cohen:Met. Prog., 1952, vol. 61, no. 6, p. 79.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. K. Narita, H. Hara, A. Miyamoto, and H. Iwakiri:Tetsu-to-Hagané, 1974, vol. 60, no. 13, p. 1962.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. K. Kuo,JISI, 1953, vol. 173, p. 363.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. A. Inoue, S. Arakawa, and T. Masumoto:Trans. JIM, 1979, vol. 20, p. 585.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. W. P. Pearson:Handbook of Lattice Spacings and Structures of Metals, Pergamon Press, 1958, p. 963.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Climax Molybdenum Company of Michigan, a subsidiary of AMAX, Inc., 48105, Ann Arbor, MI

    C. Kim (Senior Research Associate) & V. Biss (Senior Research Associate)

  2. Department of Materialsand Metallurgical Engineering, The University of Michigan, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI

    W. F. Hosford (Professor)

Authors
  1. C. Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. V. Biss
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. W. F. Hosford
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kim, C., Biss, V. & Hosford, W.F. A New Procedure for Determining Volume Fraction of Primary Carbides in High-Speed and Related Tool Steels. Metall Trans A 13, 185–191 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02643307

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02643307

Keywords

Search

Navigation