Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The nutritive value of refined rapeseed oils: A review

  • Technical
  • Symposium: Cruciferous Oilseeds Conducted by the SSF-AOCS World Congress, Chicago
  • Published:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society

Abstract

Recent findings on the nutritive value of rapeseed oil (RSO) with high erucic acid content have been compared to those of canbra oil (CO), an oil extracted from newly bred Canadian rapeseed with no erucic acid. Erucic acid in diets retards animal growth even if food consumption is not altered. Growth performances of CO are as good as olive or peanut oil. The unbalanced ratio of palmitic acid to monoethylenic acids of CO does not affect rat growth rate. Because of its glyceride structure and high content of erucic acid, RSO has a lower digestibility (81%) than CO (96%) in the rat. Unabsorbed erucic acid is not preferentially excreted as calcium soaps. Interesterification of RSO which converts 31.7% of the erucic chains to the 2 position improves digestibility of erucic acid. 2-Monoerucin is more efficiently absorbed than the free acid. In vivo metabolic conversion of erucic to oleic acid has been proved in the rat. β-oxidation of injected 14-14C labeled erucic acid proceeded at the same rate as oleic acid but the over-all yield of the reaction was lower. Fatty acid composition of tissues in animals fed RSO or CO is influenced on one hand by erucic and gadoleic (C20∶1) acids of RSO, and on the other hand by the unbalanced ratio of palmitic-monoethylenic acids and the linolenic acid content of both oils. Nonnegligible amounts of erucic acid are deposited in the body fats of rats, chickens, turkeys, lambs and found in the milk of female rats fed RSO. Almost no erucic acid is incorporated in liver and testicles in the rat and it is not recovered in chicken egg yolk. The effect of RSO on rat reproduction has been re-examined. Dietary lipid and vitamin levels are of great importance in the results obtained. RSO induces myocarditis in several animal species. Similar lesions, although less frequent and severe, have been observed also with CO in the rat. Some authors have reported that erucic acid of RSO was responsible for the effect on heart muscle. Common fatty acid patterns to both RSO and CO have to be further investigated to explain the persisting effect of CO.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Rocquelin, G., and B. Potteau, Ann. Nutr. Alim. 22: 191–244 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Jacquot, R., G. Rocquelin and B. Potteau, Cah. Nutr. Diet. 4: 51–78 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Stefansson, B.R., F.W. Hougen and R.K. Downey, Can. J. Plant Sci. 41: 218–219 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Kryzymanski, J., and R.K. Downey, Ibid. 49: 313–319 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Downey, R.K., B.M. Craig and C.G. Youngs, JAOCS 46: 121–184 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Appelqvist, L.A., Communication to the International Rape Conference, Paris, May 1970. Division of Physiological Chemistry, Chemical Center, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden.

  7. Appelqvist, L.A., Physiol. Plant. 21: 455–465 (1968).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Ackman, R.G., JAOCS 43: 483–486 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Haeffner, E.W., Lipids 5: 430–433 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Mattson, F.H., and R.A. Volpenhein, J. Biol. Chem. 236: 1891–1894 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Rutkowski, A., H. Grynberg and H. Szczepanska, Fette Seifen Anstrichm. 66: 1017–1020 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Grynberg, H., K. Ceglowska and H. Szczepanska, Rev. Fr. Corps Gras 13: 595–602 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Grynberg, H., and H. Szczepanska, JAOCS 43: 151–152 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Brockerhoff, H., and M. Yurkowski, J. Lipid Res. 7: 62–64 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Marcinkiewicz, J., and H. Niewiadomski, Rev. Fr. Corps Gras 15: 511–515 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Cheniti, T., G. Bourdel and J. Jacquot, Ibid. 14: 151–166 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Rocquelin, G., and R. Cluzan, Ann. Biol. Anim. Bioch. Biophys. 8: 395–406 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Thoron, A., Ann. Nutr. Alim. 23: 103–116 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Salmon, R.E., Poultry Sci. 48: 87–93 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Salmon, R.E., Ibid. 48: 1045–1090 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Beare, J.L., J.A. Campbell, C.G. Young and B.M. Craig, Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 41: 605–612 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Craig, B.M., and J.L. Beare, Can. Inst. Food Technol. J. 1: 64–67 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Hopkins, C.Y., T.K. Murray and J.A. Campbell, Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 33: 1047–1054 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Murray, T.K., J.L. Beare, J.A. Campbell, and C.Y. Hopkins, Ibid. 66: 653–657 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Rocquelin, G., and J. Leclerc, Ann. Biol. Anim. Bioch. Biophys. 9: 413–426 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Walker, D.M., and G.B. Stokes, Brit. J. Nutr. 24: 425–434 (1970).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Hamilton, R.M.G., and B.E. McDonald, J. Nutr. 97: 33–41 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Thomasson, H.J., Ibid. 59: 343–352 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Savary, P., and M.J. Constantin, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 125: 118–128 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Hopkins, C.Y., M.J. Chisholm, T.K. Murray and J.A. Campbell, JAOCS 34: 505–508 (1957).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Carroll, K.K., Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 40: 1229–1238 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Craig, B.M., C.G. Youngs, J.L. Beare and J.A. Campbell, Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 41: 43–49 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Craig, B.M., and J.L. Beare, Can. J. Biochem. 45: 1075–1079 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Carreau, J.P., A. Thoron and J. Raulin, C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 266: 417–419 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Carreau, J.P., A. Thoron, D. Lapous and J. Raulin, Bull. Soc. Chim. Biol. 50: 1973–1981 (1968).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Lapous, D., J.P. Carreau and J. Raulin, Arch. Sci. Physiol. 24: 125–131 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Carrol, K.K., Lipids 1: 171–175 (1966).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Bach, A., P. Métais, J. Raulin and R. Jacquot, Bull. Soc. Chim. Biol. 51: 167–175 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Pande, S.V., and J.F. Mead, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 152: 636–638 (1968).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Walker, B.L., S.P. Lall, S.J. Slinger and H.S. Bayley, Communication to the International Conference on the Science, Technoiogy and Marketing of Rapeseed and Rapeseed Products, Sce Adèle, Québec, Canada, September 1970.

  41. Stokes, G.B., and D.M. Walker, Brit. J. Nutr. 24: 435–440 (1970).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Beare, J.L., E.R.W. Gregory, D.M. Smith and J.A. Campbell, Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 39: 195–201 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Leclercq, B., C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 267: 2235–2237 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Chudy, J., Rocz. Technol. Chem. Zywn. 16: 61–69 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Rocquelin, G., B. Martin and R. Cluzan, Communication to the International Conference on the Science, Technology and Marketing of Rapeseed and Rapeseed Products, Ste Adèle, Québec, Canada, September 1970.

  46. Mohrhauer, H., and R.T. Holman, J. Nutr. 81: 67–74 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Mohrhauer, H., J.J. Rahm, J. Seufert, and R.T. Holman, Ibid. 91: 521–527 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Mohrhauer, H., and R.T. Holman, Ibid. 91: 528–534 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Carroll, K.K., and R.L. Noble, Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 35: 1093–1105 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Beare, J.L., E.R.W. Gregory and J.A. Campbell, Ibid. 37: 1191–1195 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Cheniti, T., 3° Cycle Thesis, Faculté des Sciences de Paris (1966).

  52. Roine, P., E. Uksila, H. Teir and J. Rapola, Ernährungswiss 1: 118–124 (1960).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Agdhur, E., and N. Stenström, Acta Poediat. 10: 167–280 (1931).

    Google Scholar 

  54. Allain, C.C. PhD thesis, 1965, University of Pittsburgh, U.S.A.

  55. Kessen, H.D., J. Salcedo and D.W. Stetten, J. Nutr. 29: 171–177 (1945).

    Google Scholar 

  56. Raulin, J., C.L. Richir and R. Jacquot, Acta Chim. Hung. 30: 227–233 (1960); C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 248: 1229–1232 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  57. Simko, V., A. Bucko, J. Babala, and R. Ondreicka, Nutr. Dieta 6: 91–105 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Wilgram, C.F., W.S. Hartroft, and C.H. Best, Brit. Med. J. 1: 5 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  59. Kaunitz, H., R.E. Johnson and L. Pegus, Z. für Ernährungswiss. 10: 61–70 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Rocquelin, G. and R. Cluzan, Communication to the 8th International Congress of Nutrition, Prague, 1969.

  61. Beare-Rogers, J.L., Communication to the International Conference on the Science. Techology and Marketing of Rapessed and Rapeseed Products, Ste Adèle, Québec, Canada, September 1970.

  62. Abdellatif, A.M.M. and R.O. Vles, Nutr. Metabol. 12: 285–295 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Abdellatif, A.M.M., and R.O. Vles, Ibid. 12: 296–305 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Abdellatif, A.M.M., and R.O. Vles, Nutrition and Metabolism, Ibid. 13: 65–74 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Houtsmuller, U.M.T., C.B. Struijk and A. van der Beek; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 218: 564–566 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Abdellatif, A.M.M. and R.O. Vles, Communication to the International Conference on the Science, Technology and Marketing of Rapeseed and Rapeseed Products, Ste. Adèle, Quebec, Canada, September 1970.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Human Food, INRA, Dijon, France

    G. Rocquelin, J. P. Sergiel, B. Martin & J. Leclerc

  2. Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, St. Michel Hospital, Paris, France

    R. Cluzan

Authors
  1. G. Rocquelin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. P. Sergiel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. B. Martin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. J. Leclerc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. R. Cluzan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

About this article

Cite this article

Rocquelin, G., Sergiel, J.P., Martin, B. et al. The nutritive value of refined rapeseed oils: A review. J Am Oil Chem Soc 48, 728–732 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02638530

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02638530

Keywords

Search

Navigation