Summary
Many types of engineering geologic maps have been made for seismically active areas of the United States in the last 15 years. Groups of maps have been prepared that show many of the following basic factors: active faults, recurrence intervals along faults, landslides, areas of known ground failure at the time of previous earthquakes, areas subject to tsunamis, location of epicenters, magnitudes and intensities of past earthquakes, and structural damage at times of previous earthquakes. Various kinds of interpretive maps show acceleration probability, liquefaction potential, landslide potential, seismic response of geologic units, and other zoning for land-use planning. Maps of predicted regional maximum earthquake intensity have been published for the San Francisco Bay area. These various maps are essential for use in land-use planning, which is now recognized as one of the best ways to lessen the danger of earthquake-related loss of life and damage to structures.
Résumé
Au cours des quinze dernières années, de nombreux types de cartes géotechniques ont été réalisés dans des régions séismiquement actives des Etats-Unis. Des groupes de cartes ont été préparés de façon à faire apparaître de nombreux facteurs essentiels parmi les suivants: failles actives, rejet des failles, glissesments de terrain, régions où des effondrements du sol se sont manifestés lors de précédents tremblements de terre, régions sujettes aux tsunamis, emplacement des épicentres, magnitudes et intensités des séismes passés, dommages causés aux bâtiments par les précédents séismes. Divers types de cartes interprétatives font apparaître la probabilité d’accélération, la possibilité de liquefaction, la possibilité de glissement de terrain, la réponse séismique des unités géologiques, et d’autres zonages utiles à la planification du territoire. Des cartes de l’intensité régionale maximale prévue des séismes ont été publiées pour la région de la Baie de San Francisco. L’emploi de ces diverses cartes est essentiel pour la planification du territoire ce qui est manitenant reconnu comme un des meilleurs moyens de diminuer le risque de pertes en vies humaines et de ruine des bâtiments lors des futurs séismes.
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Radbruch-Hall, D.H. Examples of engineering geologic mapping in seismically active areas of the united states. Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology 18, 15–25 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02635345
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02635345