Zusammenfassung
In den Jahren 1980 bis 1989 gingen in die Todesursachenstatistik für Österreich 3660 Transportmittelunfälle (ICD-E-Nummern 800 bis 829) bei Personen unter 20 Jahren ein. Die Sterbeziffern (bezogen auf 10000 Kinderjahre) waren für die Fußgänger 0,20, für die Radfahrer 0,06, für die Motorradfahrer 0,35 und für die übrigen Verkehrsteilnehmer (hauptsächlich PKW-Insassen) 1,19. Bei gesonderter Betrachtung der 15- bis 19jährigen sind diese Ziffern 0,23, 0,06, 1,12 und 3,25. Die Zahl der männlichen Verstorbenen verhielt sich zur Zahl der weiblichen Verstorbenen wie 3,26:1. Die mit dem Alter abnehmende relative Größe des Kopfes wirkte sich auf das Verletzungsmuster der als Fußgänger Verstorbenen aus: Das Verhältnis von Kopfverletzungen zu Wirbelsäulentraumen war bei den unter Zehnjährigen 3,7 : 1, bei den Zehn- bis 19jährigen aber 11,6 : 1. Bei zehn- bis 19jährigen Opfern von Fahrradunfällen war der Prozentsatz der Schädel-Hirn-Traumen höher als bei tödlich verunglückten Motorradfahrern der gleichen Altersklasse (79% : 66%). Das Tragen von Fahrradhelmen ist daher zu empfehlen. Gegenüber der Gefährdung durch Fahrradunfälle ist freilich die Mortalität der Jugendlichen durch Kraftfahrzeugunfälle das wesentlich größere Problem.
Abstract
The object of this study are transport vehicle accidents (ICD-E Code 800 to 829) in children and adolescents. During the years 1980 through 1989 there were 3660 such casualties in persons under 20 years of age in Austria. The investigation is based on data available on death certificates. The mortality rate (per 10,000 child years) for pedestrians was 0.20, for pedal cyclists 0.06, for motor cyclists 0.35, and for others (mostly car occupants) 1.19. For older teenagers (15 to 19 years old) these rates were 0.23, 0.06, 1.12, and 3.25, respectively. The male to female ratio was 3.26 : 1. Subgroup-analysis of pedestrians revealed a difference in injury pattern due to different body proportions: the ratio of head injury deaths to spine injury deaths was 3.7 : 1 in children less than 10 years old, but 11.6 : 1 in teenagers. In this latter age group head trauma was more common an injury leading to death in pedal cyclists than in motorcyclists (79% : 66%). It is worthwhile to recommend and promote the use of bicycle helmets. However, the problem with bicyclists is rather small compared with that of the motor-vehicle related mortality of adolescents.
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Foltin, E. Kindliche und jugendliche Verkehrsopfer (ICD-E 800 bis 829) in Österreich von 1980 bis 1989. Unfallchirurgie 22, 99–109 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02627515
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02627515