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Cartilage tissue differentiation from mesenchymal cells derived from mature muscle in tissue culture

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Summary

Under the influence of biochemical components of bone matrix gelatin (BMG), cartilage differentiates in tissue culture from the connective tissue cell outgrowths of mature muscle. Proliferation and differentiation begin within 24 hr with synthesis of hyaluronate, continue with high levels of synthesis of DNA and hyaluronidase, and culminate in production of large quantities of chondroitin sulfate. The addition of hyaluronic acid to the culture medium during the first 48 hr of culture depresses, whereas chondroitin sulfate enhances, subsequent production of cartilage. These observations on the cell biosynthetic products prior to the appearance of mature cartilage suggest that the BMG-modified connective tissue outgrowths of mature muscle exhibit the developmental potential of embryonic axial mesenchyme. Whether muscle harbors embryonic cells in a programmed but not yet activated readiness (protodifferentiated state) to differentiate into cartilage, or simply contributes a population of temporarily dedifferentiated fibroblasts, is not known, but in any event, BMG switches the pathway of further development from fibrous connective tissue to cartilage.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. UCLA Bone Research Laboratory, USA

    Marshall R. Urist

  2. Second Nagoya Red Cross Hospital, USA

    Yoji Terashima

  3. Nagoya University, Japan

    M. Nakagawa

  4. UCLA School of Dentistry, USA

    Charles Stamos

Authors
  1. Marshall R. Urist
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  2. Yoji Terashima
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  3. M. Nakagawa
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  4. Charles Stamos
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Additional information

These investigations were supported by grants-in-aid from the USPHS, National Institute of Dental Research (DE-2103-01). Drs. Terashima and Nakagawa received a research fellowship from the Solo Cup Corporation. Charles Stamos was a Eugene and Marion Bailey Summer Student Research Fellow.

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Urist, M.R., Terashima, Y., Nakagawa, M. et al. Cartilage tissue differentiation from mesenchymal cells derived from mature muscle in tissue culture. In Vitro 14, 697–706 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02616166

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