Summary
None of the SEPAL teachers had undergraduate degrees in science, and most were afraid of science before they became involved with the project. Although gains in content knowledge were modest, progress toward other instructional goals were made, indicating that improved pedagogical content knowledge is not entirely dependent on content knowledge.
Currently, funding is being sought for future programs which incorporate the belief in the role of peer interaction, nonthreatening environments for learning, and the importance of ascertaining teachers’ pedagogical beliefs if inservice work is to be transferred to the classroom. Additionally, we will continue to model the Circle of Inquiry which encourages conceptual change and provides teachers with an approach for use in their own classrooms.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
American Association for the Advancement of Science. (1989).Project 2061: Science for all Americans. Washington, DC: Author.
Baird, W., Ellis, J., & Kuerbis, P. (1989). ENLIST micros: Training science teachers to use microcomputers.Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 26, 587–598.
Haury, D. (1993). Teaching science through inquiry. In L. E. Gronlund (Ed.),Striving for excellence: The national education goals, Volume II (pp. 71–72). Washington, DC: Educational Resources Information Center.
Haury, D. (1995, April).Study of a field-developed model of scientific inquiry. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching, San Francisco, CA.
Hewson, P., & Hewson, M. G. A’B. (1988). Appropriate conception of teaching science: Studies of science learning.Science Education, 72(5), 597–614.
Holt, L., & Johnston, M. (1989). Graduate education and teachers’ understandings: A collaborative case study of change.Teaching and Teacher Education, 5(2), 81–92.
Hutson, H. (1981). Inservice best practices: The learning of general education.Journal of Research and Development in Education, 14, 1–9.
Joyce, B., & Showers, B. (1980). Improving inservice training: The messages of research.Educational Leadership, 37(5), 379–385.
Keams, J. (1982). An inservice model for improving elementary science teaching. (Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina-Greensboro, 1981).Dissertation Abstracts International, 42, 5091.
Lombard, A., Konick, R., & Schultz, K. (1985). Description and evaluation of an inservice model for implementation of a learning cycle approach in the secondary science classroom.Science Education, 69, 491–500.
Loucks-Horsley, S., Harding, C., Arbuckle, M., Murray, L. Dubea, C., & Williams, M. (1987).Continuing to learn: A guidebook for teacher development. Andover, MA: Regional Laboratory for Education Improvement of the Northeast and Islands and the National Staff Development council.
Olson, J. (1981). Teacher influence in the classroom: A context for understanding curriculum translation.Instructional Science, 10, 259–275.
Parish, R., & Aquila, F. (1983). Comments on school improvement study: The whole is more than the sum of the parts.Educational Leadership, 41(3), 34–36.
Posner, G., Strike, K., Hewson, P., & Gertzog, W. (1982). Accommodation of a scientific conception: Toward a theory of conceptual change.Science Education, 66(2), 211–227.
Stake, R., & Easley, J. (1978).Case studies in science education. Urbana: Center for Instructional Research and Curriculum Evaluation, University of Illinois.
Wade, R. (1984). What makes a difference in inservice teacher education? A meta-analysis of research.Educational Leadership, 42(4), 48–54.
Walch, W. (1981). Inquiry in school science. In N. Harms & R. Yager (Eds.),What research says to the science teacher, Volume 3 (pp. 53–72). Washington, DC: National Science Teachers Association.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This material is based upon work supported in part by a grant from the Dwight D. Eisenhower Mathematics and Science Education funds (Grant No. AC-RGT-UMS-93460). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, and/or recommendations expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the granting organization.
About this article
Cite this article
Greenwood, A., Haury, D. Putting the science back into science education through the science education program and leadership (SEPAL) model. J Sci Teacher Educ 6, 153–157 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02614574
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02614574