Summary
At present an urgent need has arisen to make a comprehensive engineering geological map of the world.
A map of the typological engineering geological zoning of the Earth will have important practical advantages. Considered here are the principles of making such a map based on the concurrent account of geological structural, zonal geological and engineering geological factors.
Given are the classifications of the corresponding two independent systems of taxonomic zoning units. Characteristics used to identify the basic taxonomic units are explained; by way of example, the characteristics of some units of the first and second series are given.
The notion is formulated of the engineering geological types of territory delineated on the map. A use of the biserial criss-cross system of zoning enables us to distinguish types of territories similar in geological structural and zonal geological conditions at the same time (Fig. 1) which considerably facilitates characterizing the identified 80 types.
The engineering geological types of territory with similar engineering geological conditions should be provided with the unified method of engineering geological study, construction standards and other documents. Therefore, the engineering geological typification of the Earth can provide a basis for working out methods, instructions and other documents of international importance.
Résumé
Il paraît maintenant urgent de réaliser une carte géotechnique d'ensemble du Globe. Une carte du zonage géotechnique typologique de la Terre aura d'importants avantages pratiques. On considère ici les principles de la réalisation d'une telle carte basée sur un ensemble de facteurs issus, de la géologie structurale, de la zonalité géologique et de la géologie de l'ingénieur. On donne les classifications correspondant à deux systèmes indépendants, d'unités taxonomiques de zonage. On expose les caractéristiques utilisées pour identifier les unités taxonomiques de base; à titre d'exemple on donne les caractéristiques de quelques unités de la première et de la seconde série. On définit la notion de types géotechniques de territoires délimités sur la carte. L'emploi simultané des deux systèmes de zonage nous permet de distinguer des types de territoires analogues au point de vue de la géologie structurale et, en même temps, de la géologie zonale, ce qui facilitate considérablement la caractérisation des 80 types identifés.
Les types géotechniques de territoires présentant des conditions géotechniques similaires devraient se voir attribuer une méthode unifiée d'étude géotechnique, des normes de construction et autres documents. Ainsi une typification géotechnique de la Terre peut fournir une base pour la mise au point de méthodes, d'instructions, ou d'autres documents d'importance internationale.
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Ershova, S.B., Sergeev, E.M. Principles of the typological engineering geological zoning of the earth. Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology 19, 87–92 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02600455
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02600455