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Two types of alkaline rocks-two types of upper mantle

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Abstract

1) Petrochemical studies of volcanic rocks shows that alkaline rocks of continents and oceans are different genetically in spite of their mineralogical and chemical similarity.

2) Oceanic rocks develop according to the following type: tholeiitic basalt — olivine basalt — alkaline rocks.

3) Continental alkaline rocks are derivatives of initially alkaline basalts and are connected by gradual transitions with calc-alkaline rocks of island arcs.

4) The source of all volcanic rocks is the upper mantle. Therefore the existence of two main types of rocks — oceanic and continental — reflects basic heterogeneities in composition and structure of the upper mantle.

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  1. Institute of Volcanology, Ac. Sc. USSR Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, USSR

    G. S. Gorshkov

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  1. G. S. Gorshkov
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Gorshkov, G.S. Two types of alkaline rocks-two types of upper mantle. Bull Volcanol 33, 1186–1198 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02597715

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