Summary
In this article some short comings of the methods of investigation of structure are described which result in inaccurate evaluation of geological conditions at dam sites and in delay during construction.
Further improvement of investigation of geological structure and engineering-geological evaluation requires the development of a new branch of engineering tectonics at the boundary of tectonics, engineering geology, rock mechanics and dam design.
There are five main methodological problems of engineering tectonics:
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1.)
Discovery, prediction and field description of geological tectonics:
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2.)
genetic and historical analysis of structures for a better understanding of present day geological conditions;
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3.)
determination of the engineering-geological properties of the rock mass connected with its structure, thus revealing structural defects in rock foundations;
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4.)
engineering-geological recommendations on certain design problems taking account of geological structures;
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5.)
engineering-geological recommendations on improving the properties of rock masses and the treatment of structural defects.
Résumé
Le rapport envisage certains inconvénients des méthodes d'étude des structures, qui conduisent bien souvent à l'évaluation erronée des conditions naturelles des sites d'aménagements hydrauliques projetés, ce qui exige des travaux confortatifs supplémentaires onéreux et fait augmenter des délais d'exécution.
L'élaboration et le perfectionnement d'une méthode complexe pour l'étude et l'évaluation géologique des structures du rocher de fondation, exigent la mise au point d'une nouvelle branche, la tectonique de l'ingénieur, au point de jonction de la géologie de l'ingénieur, de la mécanique des roches et de la conception des barrages.
On peut distinguer cinq problèmes essentiels de la tectonique de l'ingénieur:
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1.)
révélation, prévision et étude des structures géologiques in situ:
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2.)
études des aspects historico-génétiques des structures pour meilleure connaissance des constructions géologiques actuelles;
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3.)
études des caractéristiques géologiques d'un massif, dues aux structures, et détection de défauts structuraux des fondations;
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4.)
justification géologique de certains aspects de conception en tenant compte des conditions structurales;
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5.)
justification géologique des travaux de consolidation des fondations affectées par des défauts structureux.
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Varga, A.A. The main problems of evaluation of geological structure in dam construction. Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology 20, 21–23 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02591236
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02591236