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Effect of a natural high fibre diet on blood lipids and intestinal transit time in man

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Abstract

In two experiments with young healthy volunteers the effects of a high in take of dietary fibre on blood lipids and intestinal transit time were investigated.

In the first experiment the effects were studied of a high-fibre diet, in which half of the dietary fibre was provided by vegetables and fruits and the rest came from bread and other cereal products.

In the second trial the effects of dietary fibre derived from vegetables and fruits were compared with those of isolated citrus pectin and wheat bran.

It is concluded that—at least in short-term controlled experiments—fibre-rich food-stuffs have only a small (vegetables and fruits) or no (bran) favourable effect on the level of serum cholesterol. However, in uncontrolled circumstances, a ‘natural’ high fibre diet may through its low fat and cholesterol content indirectly reduce the concentration of serum cholesterol.

A high-fibre diet with vegetables and fruits as well as a diet with bran shorten the intestinal transit time and enhance faeces production.

Zusammenfassung

Zwei Experimente mit gesunden Freiwilligen wurden durchgeführt um die Effekte einer ballaststoffreichen Nahrung auf Blutlipide und intestinale Passagezeit studieren zu können.

In dem ersten ‘cross-over’ Experiment bekamen 46 junge gesunde Freiwillige hintereinander je 3 Wochen eine ballaststoffarme b.z.w. eine ballaststoffreiche Nahrung und umgekehrt, mit zwei Stufen von Nahrungscholesterin; 50% der Balaststoffe wurden von Gemüsen und Früchten und 50% von Brot und anderen Getreideprodukten geliefert.

In dem zweiten Experiment wurden die Effekte von Baliaststoffen verschiedener Herkunft untersucht: 62 Freiwillige konsumierten während 21/2 Wochen eine ballast-stoffarme Nahrung. Die Versuchspersonen wurden danach in 4 Gruppen eingeteilt, um sich während nochmals 5 Wochen mit verschiedenen Diäten den Versuchen zu unterwerfen. Gruppe 1 bekam eine ballaststoffarme Nahrung, ähnlich derjenigen der ersten Periode; Gruppe 2 eine ballaststoffreiche, mit viel Gemüsen und Früchten; Gruppe 3 eine ballaststoffarme, der Zitruspekun zugefugt worden war, und Gruppe 4 eine ballaststoffarme Nahrung, bereichert mit Weizenkleie.

Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass in kurzzeitigen kontrollierten Experimenten ballaststoffreiche Nahrungsmittel eine geringe (Gemüse und Obst) oder keine (Weizenprodukte) günstige Wirkung auf den Serumcholesterin-gehalt haben. Unter nicht-kontrollierten Umständen ist aber eine günstige Wirkung wahrscheinlicher, weil eine ‘natürliche’ ballaststoffreiche Nahrung wenig Fett und Cholesterin enthält.

Bei der ballaststoffreichen Nahrung mit Gemüsen und Früchten und bei der Nahrung bereichert mit Kleie stieg die Faeces-Produktion. Die beiden Diäten verkürzten die intestinale Passagezeit.

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This research was supported by the Netherlands Heart Foundation. More details of these studies will be published elsewhere.

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Stasse-Wolthuis, M. Effect of a natural high fibre diet on blood lipids and intestinal transit time in man. Plant Food Hum Nutr 29, 31–38 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02590264

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