Summary
The serum levels of the two enzymes of lysosomal origin, β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase and β-D-glucuronidase, and the isozyme pattern of the former, were determined in control infants and in infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) on the 1st and 5th day after birth. IDM were divided into three groups. Group 1: class A diabetic mothers treated dietetically; Groups 2 and 3: class A and classes B, C, D diabetic mothers, respectively, treated with insulin. All, but one, diabetic mothers were in excellent metabolic control. In the controls the serum levels of both enzymes were quite elevated on the 1st day after birth, reflecting the condition of the mothers at the end of pregnancy, and increased further on the 5th day, presumably as a result of the concurrent burst of antiinsulin hormones. In Group 1 IDM the serum levels of the two enzymes were higher than in controls, on the 1st day, probably reflecting the higher concentrations present in the mothers at the end of pregnancy than in controls, but equalling the condition of normal neonates on the 5th day. This indicates that IDM of this group had a normal post-natal response of the lysosomal apparatus to hormone stress. In Groups 2–3 IDM the enzyme levels on the 1st day could not be distinguished from those of controls, while on the 5th day a decrease was seen, suggesting reduced effect of the antiinsulin hormone burst on the lysosomal apparatus. The isozyme pattern of β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase in all IDM was similar to that of controls. The behavior of serum lysosomal enzymes of Groups 2–3 IDM is a further indication that the lysosomal apparatus is extremely sensitive to even small metabolic perturbations occurring in diabetic mothers during pregnancy.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Andersen G. E., Hertel J., Kühl C., Mollsted-Pedersen L.: Metabolic events in infants of diabetic mothers during first 24 hours after birth — Acta paediatr. scand.71, 27, 1982.
Belfiore F., Lo Vecchio L., Napoli E., Borzi V.: Increased β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase activity in diabetes mellitus — Clin. Chem.20, 1229, 1974.
Bloom S. R., Johnston D. I.: Failure of glucagon release in infants of diabetic mothers — Brit. med. J.iv, 453, 1972.
Burlina A. B., Goi G., Fabi A., Lombardo A., Gaburro D., Tettamanti G.: Behaviour of some lysosomal enzymes in the plasma of insulin dependent patients during artificial pancreas treatment — Clin. Biochem.20, 423, 1987.
Cowett R. M., Oh W., Schwartz R.: Persistent glucose production during glucose infusion in the human neonate — J. clin. Invest.71, 467, 1983.
Fletcher A. B.: The infants of diabetic mothers. In:Avery C. B. (Ed.): Neonatology. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1981; pp. 287–295.
Gabbay K. H., Hasty K., Breslow J. I., Ellison R. C., Bunn H. F., Gallop P. M.: Glycosylated haemoglobins and long-term blood glucose control in diabetes mellitus — J. clin. Endocrinol. Metabol.44, 859, 1977.
Goi G., Achilli F., Caimi L., Lombardo A., Burlina A. B., Gaburro D., Tettamanti G.: Levels of some lysosomal activities in newborn — Perspect. Inherit. metabol. Dis.5, 249, 1984.
Goi G., Fabi A., Lombardo A., Bairati C., Bovati L., Burlina A. B., Agosti S., Serio C., Tettamanti G.: The lysosomal β-D-N-acetylglucosaminidase isozymes in human plasma during pregnancy: separation and quantification by a simple automated procedure — Clin. Chim. Acta (In press).
Goi G., Fabi A., Lorenzi R., Lombardo A., Tettamanti G., Burlina A. B., Pinelli L., Gaburro D.: Serum enzymes of lysosomal origin as indicators of the metabolic control in diabetes: comparison with glycated hemoglobin and albumin — Acta diabetol. lat.23, 117, 1986.
Goi G., Lombardo A., Fabi A., Burlina A. B., Segalini G., Guagnellini E., Tettamanti G.: Serum enzymes of lysosomal origin as indicators of the metabolic control in non-insulin-dependent diabetics — Acta diabetol. lat.24, 331, 1987.
Hertel J., Kühl C., Christensen N. J., Pedersen S. A.: Plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline in newborn infants of diabetic mothers: relation to plasma lipids — Acta paediatr. scand.74, 521, 1985.
Hultberg B., Isaksson A: A possible explanation for the occurrence of increased β-hexosaminidase activity in pregnancy serum — Clin. chim. Acta113, 135, 1981.
Jessup W., Dean R.: Secretion by mononuclear phagocytes of lysosomal hydrolases bearing ligands for the mannose-6-phosphate receptor system of fibroblasts: evidence for a second mechanism of spontaneous secretion? — Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun.105, 922, 1982.
Kohler E., Sheth K. J., Good T. A.: Plasma acid glycohydrolases in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus — Acta diabetol. lat.18, 243, 1981.
Lombardo A., Caimi L., Marchesini S., Goi G., Tettamanti G.: Enzymes of lysosomal origin in human plasma and serum: assay conditions and parameters influencing the assay — Clin. chim. Acta108, 337, 1980.
Lombardo A., Goi G., Marchesini S., Caimi L., Moro M., Tettamanti G.: Influence of age and sex on five human plasma lysosomal enzymes assayed by automated procedures — Clin. chim. Acta113, 141, 1981.
Lombardo A., Goi G., Pistolesi E., Rocca E., Agosti S., Fabi A., Giuliani A., Burlina A. B., Tettamanti G.: Behaviour of several enzymes of lysosomal origin in human plasma during pregnancy — Clin. chim. Acta143, 253, 1984.
Lowden J. A.: Serum β-hexosaminidases in pregnancy — Clin. chim. Acta93, 409, 1979.
Mallia A. K., Hermanson G. T., Krohn R. I., Fujimoto E. K., Smith P. K.: Preparation and use of a boronic acid affinity support for separation and quantitation of glycosylated hemoglobins — Analyt. Letters14, 649, 1981.
Massi-Benedetti F., Marini A., Peneff P., Farloni A.: Glucose metabolism and insulin and glucagon secretion in infants of diabetic mothers — Clin. ginecol.17, 249, 1975.
Motta G., Parravicini E., Agosti M., Gios G., Meschi F., Nicolini U., Marini A.: Metabolismo del calcio nei nati da madre diabetica in stretto controllo metabolico durante la gravidanza — Ann. Ost. Ginecol. Med. Perin.105, 225, 1984.
Neufeld E. F.: Recognition and processing of lysosomal enzymes in cultured fibroblasts. In:Callahan J. W., Lowden J. A. (Eds): Lysosomes and lysosomal storage diseases. Raven Press, New York, 1981; p. 115.
Poon P. Y. W., Davis T. M. E., Dornan T. L., Turner R. C.: Plasma N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activities and glycaemia in diabetes mellitus — Diabetologia24, 433, 1983.
Poon P. Y. W., Dorman T. L., Ellis R. B., Dornan T. L., Turner R. C.: Increased plasma activities of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase isoenzymes in human diabetes mellitus — Clin. Encocrinol. (Oxf.)11, 625, 1979.
Roversi G. D., Gargiulo M., Nicolini U., Pedretti E., Marini A., Barbarani V., Peneff P.: A new approach to the treatment of diabetic pregnant women. Report of 479 cases seen from 1963 to 1975 — Amer. J. Obstetr. Gynecol.135, 567, 1979.
Snedecor G. W., Cochran W. G.: Statistical methods. The Iowa State University Press, Ames, 1987.
Stahl P., Howard S., Rodman J. S., Schlesinger P., Tulsiani D. R. P., Touster O.: Evidence for specific recognition sites mediating clearance of lysosomal enzymesin vivo — Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.)73, 4045, 1976.
Starr J. I., Horowitz P. L., Rubinstein A. H.: Insulin, proinsulin and C-peptide. In:Jaffe I. M., Behrman H. R. (Eds): Methods of hormones radioimmunoassay. Academic Press, 1979; pp. 613–642.
White P.: Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy — Clin Perinatol.I, 331, 1974.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Goi, G., Burlina, A.B., Moreschi, C. et al. Enzymes of lysosomal origin in the serum of infants of diabetic mothers. behavior in the first days after birth. Acta diabet. lat 25, 351–360 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02581134
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02581134