Skip to main content
Log in

An EOQ model with backorders and all-units discounts

  • Published:
Top Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper we study an inventory model with backorders where the purchase unit price depends on the ordered quantity. This situation appears in practice when a salesperson offers a fixed compensation to a client for not losing the sale and there are quantity discounts. The optimal policy is obtained through a sequential optimization procedure in two stages that relies on a quadratic function (first stage) and on the objective function of the classical EOQ model (second stage). An algorithm is developed for the model and some extensions are commented.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aucamp D.C. (1982). Nonlinear Freight Costs in the EOQ Problem.European Journal of Operational Research 9, 61–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baumol W.J. and Vinod H.D. (1970). An inventory theoretic model of freight transport demand.Management Science 16, 413–421.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Benton W.C. (1991). Quantity discount decisions under conditions of multiple items, multiple suppliers and resource limitations.International Journal of Production Research 29, 1953–1961.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chikán A. (1990).Inventory Models. Kluwer Academic Publishers.

  • Fazel F., Fischer K.P. and Gilbert E.W. (1998). JIT purchasing vs. EOQ with a price discount: An analytical comparation of inventory costs.International Journal of Production Economics 54, 101–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Federguen A. and Lee C.Y. (1990). The Dynamic Lot Size Model with Quantity Discount.Naval Research Logistics 37, 707–713.

    Google Scholar 

  • Güder F. and Zydiak J.L. (2000). Fixed cycle ordering policies for capacitated multiple item inventory systems with quantity discounts.Computers and Industrial Engineering 38, 67–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hadley G. and Whitin T.M. (1963).Analysis of Inventory Systems. Prentice Hall.

  • Harris F.W. (1913). How Many Parts To Make at Once.Factory, The Magazine of Management 10, 135–136. Reprinted in:Operations Research 38, 947–950.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hax A.C. and Candea D. (1984).Production and Inventory Management. Prentice Hall.

  • Hwang H., Moon D.H. and Shinn S.W. (1990). An EOQ Model with Quantity Discounts for Both Purchasing Price and Freight Cost.Computers and Operations Research 17, 73–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jucker J.V. and Rosenblatt M.J. (1985). Single-Period Inventory Models with Demand Uncertainty and Quantity Discounts: Behavioral Implications and a New Solution Procedure.Naval Research Logistics Quaterly 32, 537–550.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knowles T.W. (1988). All-Units Discounts for Standard Container Sizes.Decision Sciences 19, 848–857.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee H.L. and Nahmias S. (1993). Single-Product, Single-Location Models. In: Graves S.C., Rinnoy Kan A.H.G. and Zipkin P.H. (eds.),Handbooks in Operations Research and Management Science, 4: Logistics of Production and Inventory. Norh-Holland, 3–54.

  • Love F.S. (1979).Inventory Control. McGraw Hill.

  • Matsuyama K. (2001). The EOQ-Models modified by introducing discount of purchase price or increase of setup cost.International Journal of Production Economics 73, 83–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Naddor E. (1966).Inventory Systems. John Wiley.

  • Rubin P.A. and Benton W.C. (2003). Evaluating jointly contrained order quantity complexities for incremental discounts.European Journal of Operational Research 149, 557–570.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • San José L.A. and García-Laguna J. (2002). A lot size model with loss of sales and all-units discounts. Preprint.

  • Silver E.A. and Peterson R. (1985).Decision Systems for Inventory Management and Production Planning. John Wiley.

  • Tersine R.J., Larson P.D. and Barman S. (1989). An Economic Inventory/Transport Model with Freight Rate Discounts.Logistics and Transportation Review 25, 291–306.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tersine R.J. and Barman S. (1991). Lot Size Optimization with Quantity and Freight Rate Discounts.The Logistics and Transportation Review 27, 319–332.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tersine R.J. and Barman S. (1994). Optimal Lot Sizes for Unit and Shipping Discounts Situations.IIE Transactions 26, 97–101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tersine R.J. (1994).Principles of Inventory and Materials Management (fourth edition). Prentice-Hall.

  • Tersine R.J., Barman S. and Toelle R.A. (1995). Composite Lot Sizing with Quantity and Freight Discounts.Computers and Industrial Engineering 28, 107–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wee H.M. (1999). Deteriorating inventory model with quantity discount, pricing and partial backordenring.International Journal of Production Economics 59, 511–518.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson R.H. (1934). A Scientific Routine for Stock Control.Harvard Business Review, 13, 116–128.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

San José, L.A., García-Laguna, J. An EOQ model with backorders and all-units discounts. Top 11, 253–274 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02579044

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02579044

Key Words

Navigation