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Effect of dietary n−3 and n−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on lipid-metabolizing enzymes in obese rat liver

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Lipids

Abstract

This study was designed to examine whether n−3 and n−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids at a very low dietary level (about 0.2%) would alter liver activities in respect to fatty acid oxidation. Obese Zucker rats were used because of their low level of fatty acid oxidation, which would make increases easier to detect. Zucker rats were fed diets containing different oil mixtures (5%, w/w) with the same ratio of n−6/n−3 fatty acids supplied either as fish oil or arachidonic acid concentrate. Decreased hepatic triacylglycerol levels were observed only with the diet containing fish oil. In mitochondrial outer membranes, which support carnitine palmitoyltransferase I activity, cholesterol content was similar for all diets, while the percentage of 22∶6n−3 and 20∶4n−6 in phospholipids was enhanced about by 6 and 3% with the diets containing fish oil and arachidonic acid, respectively. With the fish oil diet, the only difference found in activities related to fatty acid oxidation was the lower sensitivity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I to malonyl-CoA inhibition. With the diet containing arachidonic acid, peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I activity were markedly depressed. Compared with the control diet, the diets enriched in fish oil and in arachidonic acid gave rise to a higher specific activity of aryl-ester hydrolase in microsomal fractions. We suggest that slight changes in composition of n−3 or n−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in mitochondrial outer membranes may alter carnitine palmitoyltransferase I activity.

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Abbreviations

AA:

arachidonic acid, 20∶4n−6

CGLC:

capillary gas-liquid chromatography

CPT I:

carnitine palmitoyltransferase I

DHA:

docosahexaenoic acid, 22∶6n−3

EGTA:

ethyleneglycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)N,N′-tetraacetic acid

EPA:

eicosapentaenoic acid, 20∶5n−3

FA:

fatty acids

FO:

fish oil(s)

OM:

outer membrane(s)

PC:

phosphatidylcholine

PE:

phosphatidylethanolamine

PFAOS:

peroxisomal fatty acid oxidizing system

PL:

phospholipid(s)

PPMF:

percoll-purified mitochondrial fraction

PUFA:

polyunsaturated fatty acids

TAG:

triacylglycerol(s)

Tris:

tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane

VLDL:

very low density lipoprotein

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Nutrition et Sécurité Alimentaire, INRA, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, France

    Georges Durand

  2. Laboratoire de Nutrition Cellulaire et Métabolique, Université de Bourgogne, Faculté des Sciences Mirande, BP 138, 21004, Dijon cedex, France

    Isabelle Niot, Joseph Gresti, Jacqueline Boichot, Georges Semporé, Jean Bézard & Pierre Clouet

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  1. Isabelle Niot
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  2. Joseph Gresti
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  3. Jacqueline Boichot
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Niot, I., Gresti, J., Boichot, J. et al. Effect of dietary n−3 and n−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on lipid-metabolizing enzymes in obese rat liver. Lipids 29, 481–489 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02578245

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02578245

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