Summary
The hard covering tissues, enamel or enameloid, of representative vertebrate teeth were immunohistochemically stained using specific monoclonal antibodies against bovine amelogenins and bovine enamelins in order to determine the phylogenetic distribution of enamelin and amelogenin proteins. Immunohistochemically, only enamelin proteins were present in lower vertebrate (shark, bony fish, and larval amphibian) teeth and dermal denticles. Both enamelin and amelogenin proteins were present in higher vertebrate (mammal, reptile, and adult amphibian) teeth. Large hydroxyapatite crystal size and high levels of mineralization, characteristics common to both enamel and enameloid, are probably due to the presence of the common protein enamelin. The evolution of enamel from enameloid in the tetrapods seems to have involved the development of the gene for amelogenin.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Herold R, Graver H, Christner PJ (1980) Immunohistochemical localization of amelogenins in enameloid of lower vertebrate teeth. Science 207:1357–1358
Kemp NE (1984) Organic matrices and mineral crystallites in vertebrate scales, teeth and skeletons. Am Zool 24:965–976
Termine JD, Belcourt AB, Christner PJ, Conn KM, Nylen MU (1980) Properties of dissociatively extracted fetal tooth matrix proteins. I. Principal molecular species in developing bovine enamel. J Biol Chem 255:9760–9768
Slavkin HC, Snead ML, Zeichner-David M, Bringas P, Greenberg GL (1984) Amelogenin gene expression during epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. In: Trelstad R (ed) The role of extracellular matrix in development. Alan Liss, Inc, New York, pp 221–253
Graver H, Herold R, Chung T, Pappas C, Rosenbloom J (1978) Immunofluorescent localization of amelogenins in developing bovine teeth. Dev Biol 63:390–401
Samuels N, Bessem C, Bringas P, Slavkin H (1987) Immunochemical homology between elasmobranch scale and tooth extracellular matrix proteins inCephaloscylium ventriosum. J Craniofacial Genet Dev Biol 7:371–388
Christner P, Lally E, Ads A, Herold R (1983) Production of a monoclonal antibody to bovine tooth enamel proteins. Arch Oral Biol 28:773–779
Rosenbloom J, Lally E, Dixon M, Spenser A, Herold R (1986) Production of a monoclonal antibody to enamelins which does not cross react with amelogenins. Calcif Tissue Int 39:412–415
Slavkin HC, Graham EE, Zeichner-David M, Hildemann WH (1983) Enamel-like antigens in hagfish: possible evolutionary significance. Evolution 17:404–412
Kawasaki H, Kawaguchi T, Yano T, Fujimura S, Yago M (1980) Chemical nature of proteins in the placoid scale of the blue shark,Prionace glauca. Arch Oral Biol 25:313–320
Mesa-Tejada R, Pascal R, Fenoglio C (1977) Immunoperoxidase: a sensitive immunohistochemical technique as a special stain in the diagnostic pathology laboratory. Hum Pathol 8:313–320
Poole DFG (1967) Phylogeny of tooth tissues: enameloid and enamel in recent vertebrates, with a note on the history of cementum. In: Miles AEW (ed) Structural and chemical organization of teeth, Academic Press, New York, London, vol. 1. pp 111–149
Levine PT, Glimcher MJ, Seyer JM, Huddleston JI, Hein JW (1966) Noncollagenous nature of the proteins of shark enamel. Science 154:1192–1194
Shellis RP, Miles AEW (1974) Autoradiographic study of the formation of enameloid and dentine matrices in teleost fishes using tritiated amino acids. Proc R Soc London (B) 185:51–72
Shellis RP (1978) The role of the inner dental epithelium in the formation of the teeth in fish. In: Butler PM, Joysey KA (eds) Development, function and evolution of teeth. Academic Press, New York, pp 31–42
Slavkin H, Zeichner-David M, Snead M, Graham E, Samuel N, Ferguson M (1984) Amelogenesis in reptila: evolutionary aspects of enamel gene products. In: Ferguson MWJ (ed) The structure, development and evolution of reptiles. Academic Press, London, pp 275–304
Kerr T (1958) Development and structure of some actinopterygian and urodele teeth. Proc Zool Soc London 133:401–422
Smith M, Miles A (1971) The ultrastructure of odontogenesis in larval and adult urodeles: differentiation of dental epithelial cells. Z Zellforsch 121:470–498
Robinson C, Kirkham J (1984) Enamel matrix components, alterations during development and possible interaction with the mineral phase. In: Fearnhead RM, Suga S (eds) Tooth enamel. IV. Elsevier Science Publishers, New York, pp 261–265
Robinson C, Briggs HD, Kirkham J, Atkinson PJ (1983) Changes in the protein components of rat incisor enamel during tooth development. Arch Oral Biol 28:993–1000
Addadi L, Weiner S (1985) Interactions between acidic proteins and crystals: sterochemical requirements in biomineralization. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 82:4110–4114
Orvig T (1967) Phylogeny of tooth tissues: evolution of some calcified tissues in early vertebrates. In: Miles AEW (ed) Structural and chemical organization of teeth, vol 1. Academic Press, New York, pp 45–110
Orvig T (1977) A survey of odontodes (“dermal teeth”) from developmental, structural, functional and phyletic points of view. In: Andrews S, Miles A, Walker A (eds) Problems in vertebrate evolution. Linnean Society Symposium Series Number 4, London, pp 53–75
Meinke D, Thomson K (1983) The distribution and significance of enamel and enameloid in the dermal skeleton of osteolepiform rhipidistian fishes. Paleobiology 9:138–149
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Herold, R., Rosenbloom, J. & Granovsky, M. Phylogenetic distribution of enamel proteins: Immunohistochemical localization with monoclonal antibodies indicates the evolutionary appearance of enamelins prior to amelogenins. Calcif Tissue Int 45, 88–94 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02561407
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02561407