Abstract
The studies were aimed at the evaluation of the usefulness of non-invasive diagnostic methods including inquiry, clinical examination, transabdominal ultrasonography, cytologic examination of the urinary sediment, determination of blood serum concentrations of certain neoplastic markers, and urinalysis for early detection of neoplasms of the urinary tract and male genitals; and at the determination of the sensitivity and specificity of percutaneous ultrasonography combined with cytologic examination of the urinary sediment for detection of neoplasms of the kidneys and urinary tract, particularly of the urinary bladder.
Urological examinations were performed in 300 workers occupationally exposed to oil derivatives. Neoplasms of the urinary tract and male genitals were detected in 37 (12.3%) workers. Neoplasms of the urinary bladder were found most frequently. They were diagnosed by non-invasive methods in 14 (4.7%) and verified clinically and histologically in 11 (3.7%) persons.
The results seem to indicate the usefulness of non-invasive diagnostic methods for urological screening studies among occupathional populations with increased risk of neoplasms of the urinary system and male genitals. The high sensitivity (93%) and high positive predictive coefficient (0.90) for the combination of transabdominal ultrasonography and cytological examination of the urinary sediment for detection of urinary system neoplasms seem to be tokens of their high diagnostic value and clinical usefulness.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Biterschl, G.: Zur Arbeitsmedizinischen Tauglichkeit bei Exposition mit chemischen Arbeitsstoffen.Z. Ärztl. Fortbild., 78, 685 (1984).
Boccon-Gibbod, L., Le Portz, B., Godefroy, D., Steg, A.: Suprapubic ultrasonography in the follow-up of superificial bladder tumours.Eur. Urol., 11, 317 (1985).
Borkowski, A., Krzeski, T., Czaplicki, M., Niemierko, M., Wosik, J., Pruszczyński, B., Jakubowski, B., Pachno, R., Malanowski, R., Stafiej, P.: The role of ultrasonography, computed tomography and arteriography in the diagnosis of renal tumours (in Polish).Urol. Pol., 37, 311 (1984).
Denkhaus, H., Becker, H., Bucheler, H. E.: Befunde bei Prostatakarzinomen und Adenomen in der suprapubischen Prostatasonographie.Fortschr. Röntgenstr., 135, 285 (1981).
Hanke, J., Piłacik, B.: The role of screening studies in epidemiology and occupational medicine (in Polish).Med. Pracy, 38, 268 (1987).
Holm, H. H., Gammelgaard, j.: Transurethral and transrectal ultrasonic scanning in urology.J. Urol., 124, 863 (1980).
Jakubowski, W., Kazoń, H., Kowalski, H., Graban, W.: Usefulness of ultrasonic investigations for diagnosis of renal and urinary tract disease (in Polish).Pol. Przeg. Rad. Med. Nukl., 46, 271 (1982).
Koury, M. J., Newill, C. N., Chase, G. A.: Epidemiologic evaluation of screening for risk factors—Application to genetic screening.Am. J. Publ. Health, 75, 1204 (1985).
Malowe, R. R., Weston-Underwood, J., Aron, P. H., Wilkinson, K. W., Riddle, P. R.: The use of transabdominal ultrasound in the detection of early bladder tumours.J. Urol., 58, 520 (1986).
Marczyńska, A.: Blood plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) confronted with prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP-RIA) in patients with prostatic neoplasms (in Polish).Urol. Pol., 36, 195 (1983).
Miękoś E., Włodarczyk, W., Monita, W.: Evaluation of the stage of advancement of urinary bladder carcinoma using ultrasonography (in Polish).Urol. Pol., 39, 64 (1986).
Miękoś, E., Majek, A., Monita, W., Lesiewicz, H., Włodarczyk, W., Leńko, Z., Pawlak, Cz., Kozłowski, R.: Evaluation of urological screening studies among workers of the Mazovian Refining and Petrochemical Plants in Płock in 1978–1984 (in Polish).Urol. Pol., 39, 27 (1986).
Miękoś, E., Majek, A., Lesiewicz, H.: The role of cytologic examination of urine in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients suspected for epithelial tumours of the urinary tract (in Polish).Urol. Pol., 40, 198 (1987).
Morrison, D. A.: Surveillance of stage 0, grade I bladder cancer by cytology alone—is it acceptable?J. Urol., 132, 672 (1984).
Roehrborn, C. G., Chin, H. K. W., Fulgham, P. F., Simpkins, K. L., Peters, P. C.: The role of transabdominal ultrasound in the preoperative evaluation of patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy.J. Urol., 135, 1190 (1985).
Romero-Aquire, C.: Ultrasound study of bladder tumours.J. Urol., 89, 541 (1983).
Santodonato, J., Howard, P., Bash, D.: Health and ecological assessment of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons.J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol., 5, 1 (1981).
Savitz, R. A.: Cancer risk among oil refinery workers. A review of epidemiologic studies.J. Occup. Med., 26, 662 (1984).
Schickel, W., Müller, G. W., Friebel, H., Richter, A.: The value of transurethral sonography in tumours of the urinary bladder.Int. Urol. Nephrol., 17, 23 (1985).
Soloway, M. S.: Principles in the management of superficial bladder cancer.Adv. Oncol., 5, 11 (1989).
Thierahlt, G., Goulet, L.: A mortality study of oil refinery workers.J. Occup. Med., 21, 367 (1979).
Tomaszewski, L., Białek, E., Kowalska, L., Lis, E., Lisowska-Myjak, B., Rozenthal, H., Unrug, A.: Multi-indicator clinical and biochemical evaluation of exposure of workers of the petrochemical industry (in Polish).Med. Pracy, 38, 167 (1987).
Vesey, S. G., Lumb, G. N., Boyle, P. J.: An evaluation of urologist-operated ultrasound and its use in the urological out-patient clinic.Br. J. Urol., 61, 74 (1988).
Vallancien, G., Veillon, B., Charton, H., Brisset, J. M.: Can transabdominal ultrasonography of the bladder replace cystoscopy in the follow-up of superficial bladder tumours?J. Urol., 136, 32 (1986).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Majek, A., Miękoś, E. Usefulness of non-invasive diagnostic methods for early detection of neoplasms of the urinary tract and male genitals among workers of the Mazovian refining and petrochemical plant in Płock. International Urology and Nephrology 24, 353–361 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02550626
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02550626