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Evaluation of the pull-out test to determine strength of in-situ concrete

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Abstract

A degree of correlation exists between compressive strength of 6×12-in (15×30-cm) concrete cylinders cured under standard conditions and pull-out strength of concrete cured under field conditions.

The ratio pull-out strength: compressive strength varies directly with the compressive strength of concrete. At 3 days, this ratio varies from 18% for 4 795 (32.9 MN/m2) concrete to 46% for 1 145 psi (7.9 MN/m2). However, for any strength level the ratio does not change significantly with age.

For the same concrete mix, the pull-out strength increased with increasing age, indicating the possible usefulness of these tests for comparative studies.

The 28-day standard deviation and coefficient of variation of strength from pull-out test results varied from 15 to 45 psi (0.10 to 0.31 MN/m2) and from 2.3 to 5.0% respectively. The corresponding values from compressive strength test results were 4 to 120 psi (0.03 to 0.82 MN/m2) and 0.2 to 3.0% respectively, except for one mix for which the above values were 680 psi (4.7 MN/m2) and 11.4%.

Résumé

Il existe un certain pourcentage de corrélation entre la résistance à la compression d'éprouvettes cylindriques de béton de 15×30 cm conservées dans des conditions normalisées et la force d'adhérence en traction du béton conservé dans les conditions du chantier.

Le rapport force d'adhérence en traction/résistance à la compression est en relation directe avec la résistance à la compression du béton. A 3 jours, ce rapport varie de 18% pour un béton à 32,9 MN/m2 à 46% pour 7.9 MN/m2. Cependant, pour un degré de résistance donné, ce rapport varie fort peu avec l'âge.

Pour la même gâchée, la force d'adhérence en traction augmente avec l'âge, ce qui dénote l'intérêt éventuel de ces essais pour des études comparatives.

L'écart type et le coefficient de variation de la résistance à 28 jours, d'après les résultats d'essai d'adhérence par traction varient de 0,10 à 0,31 MN/m2 et de 2,3 à 5,0% respectivement. Les valeurs correspondantes données par la résistance à la compression sont de 0,03 à 0,82 MN/m2 et de 0,2 à 3,0% respectivement, excepté pour une gâchée à laquelle correspondent les valeurs: 4,7 MN/m2 et 11,4%.

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References

  1. Skramtajew, B.G.Determining concrete strength for control of concrete in structures. Proceedings, American Concrete Institute, Vol. 34, January–February 1938, pp. 285–303.

  2. Tremper, B.The measurement of concrete strength by embedded pull-out bars, Proceedings, 47th Annual Meeting, American Society for Testing Materials, June 1944, pp. 880–887.

  3. Richards, O.Pull-out strength tests of concrete, paper presented at the Research Session, 1972 Annual Meeting of American Concrete Institute, Dallas, Texas.

  4. Malhotra, V. M.Recent developments in test methods and equipment for evaluation of in-situ concrete, Mines Branch Internal Report MPI (A) 72-9, Canada Department of Energy, Mines and Resources, Ottawa, Canada. May 1972, pp. 30.

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Malhotra, V.M. Evaluation of the pull-out test to determine strength of in-situ concrete. Mat. Constr. 8, 19–31 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02538954

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02538954

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