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Microbial mats associated with bryozoans (Coorong Lagoon, South Australia)

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Summary

Bryostromatolites are laminated carbonate rocks composed of bryozoan zoarial laminae. The laminated texture is frequently caused by patterns of bryozoan self overgrowth as a regular defensive tactic against microbial fouling. In the Coorong Lagoon (South Australia), another type of bryostromatolite is present where the laminated growth of the weakly calcifying bryozoan speciesConopeum aciculata is postmortally stabilized by cyanobacterial mats at the surface, and fungal mats settling in the zooecial cavities.

A tough extracellular slime network produced by benthic cyanobacteria is a trap for sediment particles, provides a method of adhesion to the bryozoan substrate, and produces a biological lamination by the vertical stratification of dead bryozoan skeletons. These slimes are also important for the preservation of cell structures and for their fossilization.

Seasonal fluctuations in salinity and water level are the most important regional control factors, causing a phase displacement in the growth optima of microbial mats and bryozoans, thereby resulting in a rigid bryostromatolitic fabric.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unité de Physiologie Microbienne, Institut Pasteur, 25-28, Rue du Docteur Roux, F-75724, Paris Cedex 15

    Katarzyna A. Palinska

  2. Institut für Chemie und Biologie des Meeres, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, P.O. Box 2503, D-26111, Oldenburg

    Katja Sterflinger

  3. Geologisch-Paläontologisches Institut/Bryozoenzentrum, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstraße 55, D-20146, Hamburg

    Joachim Scholz

  4. Institut für Chemie und Biologie des Meeres, Meeresstation, Schleusenstr. 16, D-26382, Wilhelmshaven

    Gisela Gerdes

  5. Dept. of Geology and Geophysics, University of Adelaide, GPO Box 498, 5001, Adelaide, SA, Australia

    Yvonne Bone

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  1. Katarzyna A. Palinska
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  2. Joachim Scholz
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  3. Katja Sterflinger
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  4. Gisela Gerdes
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Palinska, K.A., Scholz, J., Sterflinger, K. et al. Microbial mats associated with bryozoans (Coorong Lagoon, South Australia). Facies 41, 1–14 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02537456

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