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Bioactions of 5-hydroxyicosatetraenoate and its interaction with platelet-activating factor

  • Cell Biology of PAF
  • Review
  • Published:
Lipids

Abstract

In a variety of stimulated cells, platelet-activating factor (PAF) and numerous arachidonate derivatives are coproducts that form as a consequence of receptor-mediated phospholipid mobilization. These lipid co-products produce a plethora of biological effects in a wide variety of cell systems. Furthermore, they often have a fascinating, although less widely appreciated, interaction. 5-HETE, at submicromolar concentrations, exerts relatively few direct bioactions. It does, however, potently (16–160 nM) raise cytosolic free calcium [Ca2+]i and augment PAF-induced responses in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) by as much as 100- to 1000-fold. 5-HETE acts on PMN by a structurally specific, stereospecific and pertussis toxin-inhibitable mechanism. In addition, PMN exposed to 5-HETE exhibit homologous but not heterologous desensitization. These findings suggest that 5-HETE, like PAF, may bind to its own specific plasmalemmal receptors to exert its unique set of bioactions. However, further investigation is required to demonstrate any putative 5-HETE receptors. Other potential mechanisms of 5-HETE-induced bioactions together with the possible effects of 5-HETE on PAF transduction mechanisms are also discussed.

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Abbreviations

[Ca2+]i :

cytosolic free calcium ions

DAG:

diacylglycerol

G-proteins:

guanine nucleotide-binding proteins

HETE:

hydroxyicosatetraenoate

HPETE:

hydroperoxyicosatetraenoate

IP3 :

inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate

LT:

leukotriene

PAF:

platelet-activating factor

PG:

prostaglandin

PIP2 :

phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate

PKC:

protein kinase C

PL:

phospholipase

PMN:

polymorphonuclear neutrophils

R:

receptor

S:

stimulus

TX:

thromboxane

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Rossi, A.G., O'Flaherty, J.T. Bioactions of 5-hydroxyicosatetraenoate and its interaction with platelet-activating factor. Lipids 26, 1184–1188 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02536528

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