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Sterol biosynthesis inhibitors: Their current status and modes of action

  • Plant and Fungal Sterols: Biosynthesis, Metabolism and Function Papers Presented at a Symposium Held at the AOCS Annual Meeting. Baltimore, MD, April 1990
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  • Published:
Lipids

Abstract

The mechanism of each of the reactions in the post-squalene segment of the fungal and higher plant sterol biosynthetic pathway is outlined. The inhibitors of the enzymes catalyzing the reactions are described and how inhibition is brought about is explained in the areas where it is known.

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Abbreviations

Campesterol:

24α-methylcholest-5-en-3β-ol

cholesterol:

cholest-5-en-3β-ol

cycloartenol:

4,4,14α-trimethyl-9β,-19-cyclo-5α-cholest-24-en-3β-ol

cycloeucalenol:

4α,14α-dimethyl-9β,-19-cyclo-5α-ergost-24(28)-en-3β-ol

desmosterol:

cholesta-5,24-dien-3β-ol

dihydrobrassicasterol:

24β-methylcholest-5-en-3β-ol

ergosterol:

24β-methylcholesta-5,7,22(Z)-trien-3β-ol

fecosterol:

5α-ergosta-8,24(28)-dien-3β-ol

fucosterol:

stigmasta-5,24(28E)-dien-3β-ol; lanosterol, 4,4,14α-trimethyl-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol

24-methylene cholesterol:

ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-3β-ol

24-methylene cycloartanol:

4,4,14α-trimethyl-9β,19-cyclo-5α-ergost-24(28)-en-3β-ol

24-methylene-24,25-dihydrolanosterol:

4,4,14α-trimethyl-5α-ergosta-8,24(28)-dien-3β-ol; 24-methylene lophenol, 4α-methyl-5α-ergosta-7,24(28)-3β-ol

obtusifoliol:

4α,14α-dimethyl-5α-ergosta-8,-24(28)-dien-3β-dien-ol

sitosterol:

24α-ethylcholest-5-en-3β-ol; stigmasterol, 24α-ethylcholesta-5,22(E)-dien-3β-ol

zymosterol:

5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol

COI:

cycloeucalenol obtusifoliol isomerase

Δ87SI:

sterol Δ8→Δ87 isomerase

Δ14SR:

sterol Δ14-reductase

DMI:

demethylation inhibitor(s)

FAD:

flavin adenine dinucleotide

HEI:

high energy intermediate(s)

I50 :

the concentration of an inhibitor required to inhibit the activity of an enzyme by 50%

LDAO:

N-lauryl-dimethylamino-N-oxide

SAM:

S-adenosylmethionine

SBI:

sterol biosynthesis inhibitor(s)

SMT:

sterol methyltransferase(s)

TS:

transition state

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DD, Dyfed, UK

    E. I. Mercer

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Mercer, E.I. Sterol biosynthesis inhibitors: Their current status and modes of action. Lipids 26, 584–597 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02536422

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